1391
Calendar year
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Year 1391 (MCCCXCI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.
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| Gregorian calendar | 1391 MCCCXCI |
| Ab urbe condita | 2144 |
| Armenian calendar | 840 ԹՎ ՊԽ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6141 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1312–1313 |
| Bengali calendar | 797–798 |
| Berber calendar | 2341 |
| English Regnal year | 14 Ric. 2 – 15 Ric. 2 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1935 |
| Burmese calendar | 753 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6899–6900 |
| Chinese calendar | 庚午年 (Metal Horse) 4088 or 3881 — to — 辛未年 (Metal Goat) 4089 or 3882 |
| Coptic calendar | 1107–1108 |
| Discordian calendar | 2557 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1383–1384 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5151–5152 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1447–1448 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1312–1313 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4491–4492 |
| Holocene calendar | 11391 |
| Igbo calendar | 391–392 |
| Iranian calendar | 769–770 |
| Islamic calendar | 793–794 |
| Japanese calendar | Meitoku 2 (明徳２年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1304–1305 |
| Julian calendar | 1391 MCCCXCI |
| Korean calendar | 3724 |
| Minguo calendar | 521 before ROC 民前521年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −77 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1933–1934 |
| Tibetan calendar | ལྕགས་ཕོ་རྟ་ལོ་ (male Iron-Horse) 1517 or 1136 or 364 — to — ལྕགས་མོ་ལུག་ལོ་ (female Iron-Sheep) 1518 or 1137 or 365 |
Events
January–March
- January 16 – Yusuf II succeeds Muhammed V, as Nasrid Sultan of Granada (now southern Spain).[1]
- January 21 – Vytautas the Great, claimant to the throne of Lithuania, forges an alliance with the Grand Duchy of Moscow as his daughter, Sophia marries Vasily, Grand Prince of Muscovy.[2].
- February 16 –Manuel II Palaiologos becomes Byzantine emperor after his father, John V Palaiologos, dies from a nervous breakdown, due to his continued humiliation by the Ottoman Empire.[3]
- March 4– The University of Ferrara is founded on the Italian Peninsula.[4]
- March 10 – Stephen Dabiša succeeds Stephen Tvrtko I, as King of Bosnia.[5]
- March 12 – Konrad von Wallenrode succeeds Konrad Zöllner von Rotenstein, as Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights.[6]
April–June
- April 1 – Rebelling against the rule of King Martin of Sicily, the rebel Brancaleone Doria begins the takeover of the island of Sardinia by laying siege to the Castel di Cagliari.[7]
- April 6 – Antoniotto Adorno returns to office as Doge of the Republic of Genoa after persuading Doge Giacomo Fregoso (who had replaced him eight months earlier) to resign.[8]
- May 27 – Dominique de Flourence, Bishop of Saint-Pons-de-Thomières, helps conclude a peace agreement between the Kingdom of France and the Crown of Castile, based on his influence as France's legate to King Juan I of Castile.[9]
- June 6 – Massacre of 1391: Anti-Jewish pogroms erupt in Seville, Spain.[10] Many thousands of Jews are massacred, and the violence spreads throughout Spain and Portugal, especially to Toledo, Barcelona and Mallorca. This event marks a turning-point in the history of the Spanish Jews, with most of the survivors leaving the Iberian Peninsula or being forced to convert.
July–September
- July 18 – Tokhtamysh–Timur war – Battle of the Kondurcha River: Timur defeats Tokhtamysh of the Golden Horde, in present day southeast Russia.[11]
- August 16 – Brancaleone Doria takes control of Sassari and Osilo as he gains further power in Sardinia.[7]
- September 7 – King Richard II summons the English Parliament and directs the members to assemble at Winchester on November 3.
October–December
- October 3 – Brancaleone Doria captures Villa di Chiesa in Sardinia.[7]
- October 7 – Bridget of Sweden is canonized by Pope Boniface IX.
- November 2 – At Chambéry (now in France), Amadeus the Peaceful becomes the new Count of Savoy at the age of 8[12] upon the death from tetanus of his 31-year-old father, Amadeus VII, the Red Count, who was injured in a hunting accident.[13] Bonne of Bourbon, the mother of the older Amadeus, serves as regent for her grandson until 1397.
- November 2 – Al-Nasir Muhammad Salah al-Din, Imam of the Zaydi sect of Shia Islam in Yemen, dies at San'a from injuries sustained from being thrown off of his mule.[14] Nasir's death is not announced for two months while his son Al-Mansur Ali bin Salah ad-Din becomes the new Imam but three other claimants attempt to claim the office as well.[15]
- November 3 – King Richard II opens the new session of Parliament at Westminster.
- December 3 – The Parliament ends its session after passing numerous acts, and King Richard gives royal assent to multiple acts, including the Forcible Entry Act 1391 and the Admiralty Jurisdiction Act 1391.[16]
- December 29 – Representatives of Prince Amadeo of Savoy meet with Nerio I Acciaioli, Duke of Athens at the Acropolis in a pact against the Navarrese Company. The parties agree to oppose the Navarrese control of Morea and Nerio agrees to recognize Amadeo as Prince of Achaea.[17]
- December 25 – Jean II Le Maingre is named as the Marshal of France by King Charles V in a ceremony at the cathedral of St. Martin at Tours. [18]
- December – At Suceava, Roman I succeeds Petru Mușat, as Prince of Moldavia (now Moldova and northeastern Romania).[19]
Date unknown
- Shah Mansur becomes leader of the Timurid-occupied Muzaffarid Empire, in central Persia.
- A group of Muzaffarids under Zafar Khan Muzaffar establish a new Sultanate at Gujarat, in western India.
- Ushkuinik pirates from Novgorod sack the Muscovy towns of Zhukotin and Kazan.
- Henry I Sinclair, Earl of Orkney, takes control of the Shetland Islands and the Faroe Islands.
Births
- June 24 – Joan of France, Duchess of Brittany (d. 1433)
- July 31 – Cyriacus of Ancona, Italian merchant, "father of archaeology" (d. 1453/5)
- October 31 – Edward, King of Portugal (d. 1438)
- November 6 – Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March, English politician (d. 1425)
- Gedun Drub, 1st Dalai Lama (d. 1474)
- Thomas West, 2nd Baron West, English soldier (d. 1415)
Deaths
- January 16 – Emir Muhammed V of Granada (b. 1338)
- February 16 – John V Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor (b. 1332)
- March 10 – King Tvrtko I of Bosnia (b. 1338)
- November 1 – Amadeus VII, Count of Savoy (b. 1360)
- Gaston III, Count of Foix, co-prince of Andorra
- date unknown
- Petru, Prince of Moldavia
- Margaret, Countess of Mar (approximate date)