Asplenium haughtonii
Species of fern
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Asplenium haughtonii, also known as the Barn fern, is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae. It is native to Saint Helena.[3][2]
| Asplenium haughtonii | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Division: | Polypodiophyta |
| Class: | Polypodiopsida |
| Order: | Polypodiales |
| Suborder: | Aspleniineae |
| Family: | Aspleniaceae |
| Genus: | Asplenium |
| Species: | A. haughtonii |
| Binomial name | |
| Asplenium haughtonii (Hook.) Bir, Fraser-Jenk. & Lovis[2] | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
| |
Taxonomy
A global phylogeny of Asplenium published in 2020 divided the genus into eleven clades,[4] which were given informal names pending further taxonomic study. A. haughtonii belongs to the "A. cordatum subclade" of the "Schaffneria clade".[5] The Schaffneria clade has a worldwide distribution, and members vary widely in form and habitat.[6] There is no clear morphological feature that unites the A. cordatum subclade. The sister species of A. haughtonii is A. phillipsianum from Socotra, and the two together are sister to the African A. cordatum. These three are scaly ferns of dry habitats; the other two species in the subclade are sister to them, and are walking ferns, with long undivided leaves and proliferating leaf tips.[7]
Etymology
The English name Barn fern is derived from a basalt hill located on the north-east of Saint Helena called The Barn. This hill is believed to carry 60% of the entire A. haughtonii population.[3]
Distribution
Status
It is listed as critically endangered by the IUCN.[3]
Threats
In 2012, an emergency extension area to a runway of St Helena airport caused massive destruction of the species' habitat. Before this event, individuals were abundant in Dry Gut which comprised a large majority of the world population.[3][8]
Conservation
Before the development of this extension occurred, some conservationists rescued as many individuals as possible for relocation. About 1,000 individuals were moved into the St Helena Government's Endemic Plant Nursery.[3][8]