Baicalein
Polyphenol compound
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Baicalein (5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone) is a flavone, a type of flavonoid,[1] originally isolated from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis and Scutellaria lateriflora. It is also a constituent of Oroxylum indicum (Indian trumpetflower) and thyme.[2] It is the aglycone of baicalin.
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| Other names | Biacalein; Noroxylin |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.164.911 |
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| Formula | C15H10O5 |
| Molar mass | 270.240 g·mol−1 |
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Pharmacology
Baicalein, along with its glucuronide baicalin, is a positive allosteric modulator of the benzodiazepine site and a non-benzodiazepine site of the GABAA receptor, but with an affinity over 250× lower than diazepam.[3][4][5] It displays subtype selectivity for α2 and α3 subunit-containing GABAA receptors.[6]
The flavonoid has been shown to inhibit certain types of lipoxygenases.[7]
Baicalein is an inhibitor of CYP2C9,[8] an enzyme of the cytochrome P450 system that metabolizes drugs in the body.
A derivative of baicalin is a known prolyl endopeptidase inhibitor.[9]