Barclaya
Genus of aquatic plants
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Barclaya is a genus of eight species of flowering plants of the family Nymphaeaceae.[2] Barclaya are aquatic plants native to tropical Asia. The genus was named in honour of the American-born English brewer and patron of science Robert Barclay.[3][4]
| Barclaya | |
|---|---|
| |
 | |
| Barclaya longifolia | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Order: | Nymphaeales |
| Family: | Nymphaeaceae |
| Genus: | Barclaya Wall. |
| Type species | |
| Barclaya longifolia Wall.[1] | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
| |
Description
Vegetative characteristics
Its species are perennial,[1] aquatic,[5] rhizomatous herbs[1] with slender, horizontal,[6][7] villous-pubescent,[6] creeping or tuberous, often stoloniferous rhizomes.[1] The petiolate leaves are mostly submerged[6][1] and do not float on the water surface.[1] The linear,[7] oblong, or suborbicular lamina[6] with a cordate base[7] has an entire margin.[6]
Generative characteristics
The solitary,[4][1] pedunculate, sumberged or emerged, bisexual, often cleistogamous flowers[6] have 4–5 hypogynous outer tepals,[1][8] and 8–20 inner tepals,[6] which are basally fused to a tube.[6][1][8] The gynoecium consists of 7–12 fused carpels[1] with curved stigmatic appendages.[6] The globular, irregularly dehiscent 1.0–1.5(–2.0) cm wide fruit,[1] which is enclosed in persistent sepals and petals,[6] bears globose,[4] echinate seeds.[1]
Cytology
The diploid chromosome count is 2n = 36.[1]
Taxonomy
The genus Barclaya Wall. was first published by Nathaniel Wallich in 1827[2] with Barclaya longifolia Wall. as the type species.[1] Though Hydrostemma is a name that is older than the name Barclaya, having been published 6 months earlier, the name Barclaya has been "conserved" as it was deemed being much better known than Hydrostemma.[9]
Species
| Flower | Species | Distribution |
|---|---|---|
| Barclaya hirta (Kurz ex Teijsm. & Binn.) Miq.[1] | Indonesia, Sumatera[1] | |
| Barclaya kunstleri (King) Ridl.[1] | Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore[1] | |
| Barclaya longifolia Wall.[2] | India, Andaman Islands, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Peninsular Malaysia[1] |
| Barclaya motleyi Hook.f.[2] | Thailand, peninsular Malaysia, Sumatera, Riau Islands, Sarawak, Kalimantan, Papua, and Papua New Guinea[1] | |
| Barclaya panchorensis Komala[2] | Malaya Peninsula[10] | |
| Barclaya rotundifolia M.Hotta[2] | Sarawak, Johore, Malaysia[11] | |
| Barclaya rugosa Sofiman Othman & N.Jacobsen[2] | Malaya Peninsula[12] | |
| Barclaya wellyi Wongso, Ipor & N.Jacobsen[2] | Sumatra[13] | |
Rejected classification
The separate family Barclayaceae H.L.Li was published in 1955.[14] It has been believed to be separate, due to the extended perianth tube (combined sepals and petals) arising from the top of the ovary and by stamens that are joined basally. However, morphological and genetic studies support the position of Barclaya in the family Nymphaeaceae.[15] A separate order Barclayales Doweld was proposed in 2001.[16][17]
The accepted placement of Barclaya is within the family Nymphaeaceae of the order Nymphaeales.[18]
Habitat
Within tropical rainforests, Barclaya develops alongside streams or at their fringes. The escalating deforestation across Southeast Asia is causing the habitats to become clouded, endangering Barclaya.[19]
Conservation
Use
In Laos, Barclaya longifolia is used for its edible leaves.[22]