Borujen

Language and ethnicity

The city is populated by Persians with a minority of Lurs and Turkic peoples.^[7][8]

Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 49,077 in 12,828 households.^[9] The following census in 2011 counted 52,694 people in 14,858 households.^[10] The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 57,071 people in 17,228 households.^[4]

Topography

The city is located in a valley with the same name, which has a total area of 580 m² in the eastern part of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province.

Weather and climate

Borujen has a Continental climate in Köppen climate classification, with warm to hot and dry summers (Dsa). In the climate classification scheme created by Karimi, Borujen has a semi-humid climate with temperate summers and very cold winters. In most classification schemes, Borujen's climate is classified as Arid (as in De Martone) or Semi-arid (as in Ivanov and Barat).^[11]

The City's weather station is located on an altitude of about 2197 m above sea level. Its climate is usually a combination of moderate summers and very cold winters. The landscape and plant cover is that of steppes. The maximum observed temperature was 36.6 °C, and the lowest was −26.8 °C.^[12]

Borujen is well known for its extremely cold weather, and experiences 132 days with frost annually. The relative humidity is generally low, and averages 38% in year. Cloud cover decreases in the spring, reaches its minimum in the summer, and increases again with the start of the fall season, and reaches its maximum in winter. On average there are only 21 days per year with full cloud cover, and sunshine is the highest among the province's cities.^[12]