Brokskat language

Indo-Aryan language spoken in India and Pakistan From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Brokskat (Tibetan: འབྲོག་སྐད་, Wylie: ’brog skad)[3] or Minaro[4] is an endangered Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Brokpa people in the lower Indus Valley of Ladakh and its surrounding areas.[1][5] It is the oldest surviving member of the ancient Dardic language.[6] It is considered a divergent variety of Shina,[7] but it is not mutually intelligible with the other dialects of Shina.[8] It is only spoken by 2,858 people in Ladakh and 400 people in the adjoining Baltistan (in areas such as the Kharmang Valley), part of Gilgit-Baltistan, a region administered by Pakistan.[9]

NativetoIndia, Pakistan
RegionLadakh, Baltistan
EthnicityBrokpa (Dards)
Native speakers
(about 3,000 cited 1996)[1]
Quick facts Native to, Region ...
Brokskat
Minaro / مینارو
དརྡ་དི་ཨརྱ། / بروقسکت
Native toIndia, Pakistan
RegionLadakh, Baltistan
EthnicityBrokpa (Dards)
Native speakers
(about 3,000 cited 1996)[1]
Tibetan script, Nastaliq script[2]
Language codes
ISO 639-3bkk
Glottologbrok1247
ELPBrokskat
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Phonology

Consonants

More information Labial, Dental/ alveolar ...
Labial Dental/
alveolar		 Palatal Velar Glottal
plain labialized
Nasal m n ŋ
Stop voiceless p t k kʷ
voiced b d ɡ ɡʷ
Affricate voiceless t͡s
voiced d͡z
Fricative voiceless f s h
voiced v z
Approximant l j w
Trill r
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Vowels

More information Front, Central ...
Vowel inventory[10]
Front Central Back
Close /i/ /iː/ /u/ /uː/
Mid /e/ /eː/ /o/ /oː/
Open /a/ /aː/
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Etymology

Exonym

The term Brokskat translates to 'the language of the Brokpa' in the Tibetic language. The name Brokpa is used by Ladakhi and Balti Tibetic origin people to refer to this ethnic group. Brokpa means 'hill-dweller' or 'hillbilly', reflecting their historical lifestyle as hunters in the upper mountainous regions.

Endonym

The Brokpa themselves refer to their language as Minaro and identify their ethnic group with the term as well. Their ancient religion is also known as Minaro. Recent articles also refer to the Brokpa community as "Dard Aryans", recognizing it as their cultural identity.[11]

Vocabulary

More information English, Nastaliq Script ...
EnglishBrokskat in Roman scriptBrokskat in Bodyig scriptNastaliq Script
Waterwaཝུའ་وا
Fireghurགཱུརغُور
SunSuriསུརིའ་سُوری
Moongyunགྱུནگیون
Mountainchurཆུརچُھور
Humanmushམུཤمُوش
Landbunབུནبُون
Boybyoབྱོبیو
Girlmolayམོལེའ་مولیہ
Babybubuབུའབུའبُوبُو
Knifecutterཀཊའརقَٹر
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Verb tenses

There are two tenses, past and non-past.[12]

More information English, Broskat-future tense ...
EnglishBrokskat-present tenseBrokskat-past tenseBroskat-future tenseImperative
To gobyasgo[note 1]byungsboyai
To standautheisauthaitauthiyungsauthi
To breakphitaisphitaiatphitiaungsphitai
To openaunisauniatauniungsauni
To laughhazishazithaziungshazi
To sitbazhaisbazhitbazhiungsbazhi
To walkzaziszazitzaziungszazi
To throwfaitisfaitiatfatiungsfati
To lookskisskaitskiungsski
To cutchhinischinaitchhiniungschhini
To countgyanisgyaniatgyaniungsgyani
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Notes

  1. [1]
    Not english as per the citation in this section.

References

Bibliography

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