California's 1st congressional district

California's 1st congressional district
California's 1st congressional district
	Interactive map of district boundaries
Representative	Vacant;
Population (2024)	759,259
Median household; income	$69,829
Ethnicity	61.5% White; 22.5% Hispanic; 6.1% Two or more races; 5.6% Asian; 1.8% Native American; 1.7% Black; 0.8% other;
Cook PVI	R+12

California's 1st congressional district is a U.S. congressional district in California. The district is currently vacant following the death of Doug LaMalfa, a Republican, who had represented the district since January 2013. There will be a special election to fill the seat on August 4, 2026, with a primary election on June 2. If one candidate receives more than 50% of votes in the primary, the general election will be cancelled. Currently, the district encompasses many northeastern parts of the state. Since the 2022 election, it includes the counties of Butte, Colusa, Glenn, Lassen, Modoc, Shasta, Siskiyou, Sutter, and Tehama, and most of Yuba County. The largest cities in the district are Chico, Redding, and Yuba City.^[1]

Representative

Vacant

Population (2024)759,259^[1]

Median household
income$69,829^[2]

Ethnicity

61.5% White
22.5% Hispanic
6.1% Two or more races
5.6% Asian
1.8% Native American
1.7% Black
0.8% other

Quick facts Representative, Population (2024) ...

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Prior to redistricting in 2021, it included the counties of Butte, Lassen, Modoc, Plumas, Shasta, Sierra, Siskiyou, and Tehama, most of Nevada County, part of Glenn County, and part of Placer County. In the 2021 redistricting, it added the Yuba–Sutter area and removed most of its share of the Sierra Nevada.^[4]

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Year	Office	Results^[5]^[6]^[7]
2008	President	McCain 57% – 43%
2010	Governor	Whitman 55% – 37%
	Lt. Governor	Maldonado 54% – 32%
	Secretary of State	Dunn 53% – 37%
	Attorney General	Cooley 58% – 30%
	Treasurer	Walters 51% – 40%
	Controller	Strickland 47% – 41%
2012	President	Romney 59% – 41%
2014	Governor	Kashkari 58% – 42%
2016	President	Trump 57% – 36%
2018	Governor	Cox 63% – 37%
2018	Attorney General	Bailey 61% – 39%
2020	President	Trump 58% – 39%
2022	Senate (Reg.)	Meuser 64% – 36%
	Governor	Dahle 67% – 33%
	Lt. Governor	Underwood Jacobs 65% – 35%
	Secretary of State	Bernosky 64% – 36%
	Attorney General	Hochman 65% – 35%
	Treasurer	Guerrero 65% – 35%
	Controller	Chen 66% – 34%
2024	President	Trump 61% – 36%
2024	Senate (Reg.)	Garvey 64% – 36%

FIPS County Code^[8]	County	Seat	Population
007	Butte	Oroville	207,172
011	Colusa	Colusa	22,037
021	Glenn	Willows	28,129
035	Lassen	Susanville	28,861
049	Modoc	Alturas	8,500
089	Shasta	Redding	180,366
093	Siskiyou	Yreka	42,905
101	Sutter	Yuba City	97,948
103	Tehama	Red Bluff	64,896
115	Yuba	Marysville	85,722

Member	Party	Dates	Cong ress(es)	Electoral history	Counties
District created March 4, 1865
Donald C. McRuer (San Francisco)	Republican	March 4, 1865 – March 3, 1867	39th	Elected in 1864. Retired.	1865–1873 Fresno, Inyo, Kern, Los Angeles, Mariposa, Merced, Monterey, San Diego, San Francisco, San Luis Obispo, San Mateo, Santa Barbara, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Stanislaus, Tulare
Samuel Beach Axtell (San Francisco)	Democratic	March 4, 1867 – March 3, 1871	40th 41st	Elected in 1867. Re-elected in 1868. Retired.
Sherman Otis Houghton (San Jose)	Republican	March 4, 1871 – March 3, 1873	42nd	Elected in 1871. Redistricted to the 4th district.
Charles Clayton (San Francisco)	Republican	March 4, 1873 – March 3, 1875	43rd	Elected in 1872. Retired.	1873–1885 San Francisco
William Adam Piper (San Francisco)	Democratic	March 4, 1875 – March 3, 1877	44th	Elected in 1875. Lost re-election.
Horace Davis (San Francisco)	Republican	March 4, 1877 – March 3, 1881	45th 46th	Elected in 1876. Re-elected in 1879. Lost re-election.
William Rosecrans (San Francisco)	Democratic	March 4, 1881 – March 3, 1885	47th 48th	Elected in 1880. Re-elected in 1882. Retired.
Barclay Henley (Santa Rosa)	Democratic	March 4, 1885 – March 3, 1887	49th	Redistricted from the 3rd district and re-elected in 1884. Retired.	1885–1895 Colusa, Del Norte, Humboldt, Lake, Lassen, Mendocino, Modoc, Napa, Plumas, Shasta, Sierra, Siskiyou, Sonoma, Tehama, Trinity
Thomas L. Thompson (Santa Rosa)	Democratic	March 4, 1887 – March 3, 1889	50th	Elected in 1886. Lost re-election.
John J. De Haven (Eureka)	Republican	March 4, 1889 – October 1, 1890	51st	Elected in 1888. Resigned to become associate justice of the California Supreme Court.
Vacant		October 1, 1890 – December 9, 1890	51st
Thomas J. Geary (Santa Rosa)	Democratic	December 9, 1890 – March 3, 1895	51st 52nd 53rd	Elected to finish De Haven's term. Also elected the same day in 1890 to the next term. Re-elected in 1892. Lost re-election.
John All Barham (Santa Rosa)	Republican	March 4, 1895 – March 3, 1901	54th 55th 56th	Elected in 1894. Re-elected in 1896. Re-elected in 1898. Retired.	1895–1903 Del Norte, Humboldt, Lassen, Marin, Mendocino, Modoc, Napa, Plumas, Shasta, Sierra, Siskiyou, Sonoma, Tehama, Trinity
Frank Coombs (Napa)	Republican	March 4, 1901 – March 3, 1903	57th	Elected in 1900. Lost re-election.
James Gillett (Eureka)	Republican	March 4, 1903 – November 4, 1906	58th 59th	Elected in 1902. Re-elected in 1904. Resigned when elected Governor.	1903–1913 Alpine, Amador, Calaveras, Del Norte, El Dorado, Humboldt, Lassen, Mariposa, Modoc, Mono, Nevada, Placer, Plumas, Shasta, Sierra, Siskiyou, Tehama, Trinity, Tuolumne
Vacant		November 4, 1906 – November 6, 1906	59th
William F. Englebright (Nevada City)	Republican	November 6, 1906 – March 3, 1911	59th 60th 61st	Elected to finish Gillett's term. Also elected the same day in 1906 to the next term. Re-elected in 1908. Lost re-election.
John E. Raker (Alturas)	Democratic	March 4, 1911 – March 3, 1913	62nd	Elected in 1910. Redistricted to the 2nd district.
William Kent (Kentfield)	Independent	March 4, 1913 – March 3, 1917	63rd 64th	Redistricted from the 2nd district and re-elected in 1912. Re-elected in 1914. Retired.	1913–1953 Butte, Colusa, Del Norte, Glenn, Humboldt, Lake, Marin, Mendocino, Sonoma, Sutter, Yuba
Clarence F. Lea (Santa Rosa)	Democratic	March 4, 1917 – January 3, 1949	65th 66th 67th 68th 69th 70th 71st 72nd 73rd 74th 75th 76th 77th 78th 79th 80th	Elected in 1916. Re-elected in 1918. Re-elected in 1920. Re-elected in 1922. Re-elected in 1924. Re-elected in 1926. Re-elected in 1928. Re-elected in 1930. Re-elected in 1932. Re-elected in 1934. Re-elected in 1936. Re-elected in 1938. Re-elected in 1940. Re-elected in 1942. Re-elected in 1944. Re-elected in 1946. Retired.
Hubert B. Scudder (Sebastopol)	Republican	January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1959	81st 82nd 83rd 84th 85th	Elected in 1948. Re-elected in 1950. Re-elected in 1952. Re-elected in 1954. Re-elected in 1956. Retired.
Hubert B. Scudder (Sebastopol)	Republican	January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1959	81st 82nd 83rd 84th 85th		1953–1963 Del Norte, Humboldt, Lake, Marin, Mendocino, Napa, Sonoma
Clement Woodnutt Miller (Corte Madera)	Democratic	January 3, 1959 – October 7, 1962	86th 87th	Elected in 1958. Re-elected in 1960. Died. Re-elected posthumously in 1962.
Vacant		October 7, 1962 – January 22, 1963	87th 88th
Vacant		October 7, 1962 – January 22, 1963	87th 88th		1963–1967 Del Norte, Humboldt, Marin, Mendocino, Napa, Sonoma
Donald H. Clausen (Crescent City)	Republican	January 22, 1963 – January 3, 1975	88th 89th 90th 91st 92nd 93rd	Elected to finish Miller's term. Re-elected in 1964. Re-elected in 1966. Re-elected in 1968. Re-elected in 1970. Re-elected in 1972. Redistricted to the 2nd district.
					1967–1973 Del Norte, Humboldt, most of Marin, Mendocino, Napa, Sonoma
					1973–1983 Butte, Glenn, Lassen, Modoc, Nevada, Placer, Plumas, Shasta, Sierra, Siskiyou, Tehama, Trinity, Yuba
Harold T. Johnson (Roseville)	Democratic	January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1981	94th 95th 96th	Redistricted from the 2nd district and re-elected in 1974. Re-elected in 1976. Re-elected in 1978. Lost re-election.
Eugene A. Chappie (Roseville)	Republican	January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1983	97th	Elected in 1980. Redistricted to the 2nd district.
Douglas H. Bosco (Occidental)	Democratic	January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1991	98th 99th 100th 101st	Elected in 1982. Re-elected in 1984. Re-elected in 1986. Re-elected in 1988. Lost re-election.	1983–1993 Del Norte, Humboldt, western Lake, Mendocino, southern Napa, northern Sonoma
Frank Riggs (Santa Rosa)	Republican	January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993	102nd	Elected in 1990. Lost re-election.
Daniel Hamburg (Ukiah)	Democratic	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995	103rd	Elected in 1992. Lost re-election.	1993–2003 Del Norte, Humboldt, western Lake, Mendocino, Napa, northwestern Solano, northeastern Sonoma
Frank Riggs (Windsor)	Republican	January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1999	104th 105th	Elected in 1994. Re-elected in 1996. Retired to run for U.S. Senator.
Mike Thompson (St. Helena)	Democratic	January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2013	106th 107th 108th 109th 110th 111th 112th	Elected in 1998. Re-elected in 2000. Re-elected in 2002. Re-elected in 2004. Re-elected in 2006. Re-elected in 2008. Re-elected in 2010. Redistricted to the 5th district.
Mike Thompson (St. Helena)	Democratic	January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2013	106th 107th 108th 109th 110th 111th 112th		2003–2013 Del Norte, Humboldt, Lake, Mendocino, Napa, eastern Sonoma, southern Yolo
Doug LaMalfa (Oroville)	Republican	January 3, 2013 – January 6, 2026	113th 114th 115th 116th 117th 118th 119th	Elected in 2012. Re-elected in 2014. Re-elected in 2016. Re-elected in 2018. Re-elected in 2020. Re-elected in 2022. Re-elected in 2024. Died.	2013–2023 Inland Northern California including Butte, Lassen, Modoc, Plumas, Shasta, Sierra, Siskiyou, and Tehama counties, plus portions of Glenn, Nevada, and Placer counties.^[4] Including the main hubs of Chico and Redding, in Butte and Shasta counties respectively.
Doug LaMalfa (Oroville)	Republican	January 3, 2013 – January 6, 2026	113th 114th 115th 116th 117th 118th 119th		2023–2027
Vacant		January 6, 2026 – present	119th
TBD			119th	Elected to finish LaMalfa’s term.

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Donald C. McRuer	20,370	58.9
	Democratic	Joseph B. Crocker	14,191	41.1
Total votes			34,561	100.0
	Republican hold

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Samuel Beach Axtell	18,793	57.3
	Republican	Timothy Guy Phelps	13,989	42.7
Total votes			32,782	100.0
	Democratic gain from Republican

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Samuel Beach Axtell (Incumbent)	23,632	54.1
	Republican	Frank M. Pixley	20,081	45.9
Total votes			43,713	100.0
	Democratic hold

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Sherman Otis Houghton	25,971	51.6
	Democratic	Lawrence Archer	24,374	48.4
Total votes			50,345	100.0
	Republican gain from Democratic

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Charles Clayton	11,938	52.3
	Democratic	William Adam Piper	10,883	47.7
Total votes			22,821	100.0
	Republican win (new seat)

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	William Adam Piper	12,417	49.1
	Republican	Ira P. Rankin	6,791	26.8
	Independent	John F. Swift	6,103	24.1
Total votes			25,311	100.0
	Democratic gain from Republican

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Horace Davis	22,134	53.3
	Democratic	William Adam Piper (Incumbent)	19,363	46.7
Total votes			41,497	100.0
	Republican gain from Democratic

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Horace Davis (Incumbent)	20,074	48.4
	Workingmen's Party of California	Clitus Barbour	18,449	44.5
	Democratic	Charles R. Summer	2,940	7.1
Total votes			41,463	100.0
	Republican hold

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	William Rosecrans	21,005	51.0
	Republican	Horace Davis (Incumbent)	19,496	47.3
	Greenback	Stephen Maybell	683	1.7
Total votes			41,184	100.0
	Democratic gain from Republican

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	William Rosecrans (Incumbent)	22,733	59.5
	Republican	Paul Neumann	14,847	38.8
	Prohibition	James M. Shafter	580	1.5
	Greenback	H. S. Fitch	67	0.2
Total votes			38,227	100.0
	Democratic hold

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Barclay Henley	16,461	49.7
	Republican	Thomas L. Carothers	16,316	49.3
	Independent	C. C. Bateman^[21]	321	1.0
Total votes			33,098	100.0
	Democratic hold

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Thomas Larkin Thompson	16,499	50.1
	Republican	Charles A. Garter	15,526	47.1
	Prohibition	L. W. Simmons	849	2.6
	Independent	Philip Cowen	80	0.2
Total votes			32,954	100.0
	Democratic hold

1896 United States House of Representatives elections^[28]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John All Barham (Incumbent)	17,826	49.7
	Democratic	Fletcher A. Cutler	16,328	45.5
	Populist	George W. Montieth	1,497	4.2
	Prohibition	B. F. Taylor	249	0.7
Total votes			35,900	100.0
	Republican hold

1904 United States House of Representatives elections^[33]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	James Gillett (Incumbent)	21,602	54.1
	Democratic	Anthony Caminetti	15,706	39.3
	Socialist	A. J. Gaylord	2,197	5.5
	Prohibition	Jarrot L. Rollins	421	1.1
Total votes			39,926	100.0
	Republican hold

1906 United States House of Representatives elections^[35]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	William F. Englebright	18,954	54.0
	Democratic	F. W. Taft	13,984	39.9
	Socialist	J. C. Weybright	1,736	5.0
	Prohibition	R. L. Webb	392	1.1
Total votes			35,066	100.0
	Republican hold

1912 United States House of Representatives elections^[38]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Independent	William Kent	20,341	37.3
	Democratic	I. G. Zumwalt	18,756	34.4
	Republican	Edward H. Hart	10,585	19.4
	Socialist	Joseph Bredsteen	4,892	9.0
Total votes			54,574	100.0
	Independent gain from Democratic

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John J. De Haven	19,345	49.9
	Democratic	Thomas Larkin Thompson (Incumbent)	19,019	49.0
	Know Nothing	W. D. Reynolds^[24]	428	1.1
Total votes			38,792	100.0
	Republican gain from Democratic

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Thomas J. Geary	19,334	49.3
	Republican	John All Barham	19,153	48.8
	Prohibition	L. B. Scranton	759	1.9
Total votes			39,246	100.0
	Democratic gain from Republican

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Thomas J. Geary (Incumbent)	19,308	56.8
	Republican	Edward W. Davis	13,123	38.6
	Populist	C. C. Swafford	1,546	4.6
Total votes			33,977	100.0
	Democratic hold

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John All Barham	15,101	41.1
	Democratic	Thomas J. Geary (Incumbent)	13,570	37.0
	Populist	Roger F. Grigsby	7,246	19.7
	Prohibition	J. R. Gregory	790	2.2
Total votes			36,707	100.0
	Republican gain from Democratic

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John All Barham (Incumbent)	19,598	51.8
	Democratic	Emmett Seawell	18,244	48.2
Total votes			37,842	100.0
Turnout
	Republican hold

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frank Coombs	21,227	55.3
	Democratic	James F. Farraher	16,270	42.4
	Social Democratic	William Morgan^[31]	599	1.6
	Prohibition	Charles T. Clark	310	0.8
Total votes			38,406	100.0
	Republican hold

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	James Gillett	21,268	50.5
	Democratic	Anthony Caminetti	19,696	46.7
	Socialist	M. F. Shore	810	1.9
	Prohibition	W. O. Clark	362	0.9
Total votes			42,136	100.0
	Republican hold

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	William F. Englebright	18,125	95.2
	Democratic	F. W. Taft	539	2.8
	Socialist	J. C. Weybright	325	1.7
	Prohibition	R. L. Webb	51	0.3
Total votes			19,040	100.0
	Republican hold

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	William F. Englebright (Incumbent)	20,624	54.1
	Democratic	E. W. Holland	14,031	36.8
	Socialist	D. N. Cunningham	2,898	7.6
	Prohibition	W. P. Fassett	546	1.4
Total votes			38,099	100.0
	Republican hold

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	John E. Raker	16,704	45.4
	Republican	William F. Englebright (Incumbent)	16,570	45.1
	Socialist	William Morgan	3,231	8.8
	Prohibition	C. H. Essex	259	0.7
Total votes			37,064	100.0
	Democratic gain from Republican

Cities and CDPs with 10,000 or more people

2,500 – 10,000 people

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Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Independent	William Kent (Incumbent)	35,403	48.1
	Republican	Edward H. Hart	28,166	38.3
	Democratic	O. F. Meldon	7,987	10.8
	Prohibition	Henry P. Stipp	2,068	2.8
Total votes			73,624	100.0
	Independent hold

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Clarence F. Lea	32,797	48.8
	Republican	Edward H. Hart	28,769	42.8
	Socialist	Mary M. Morgan	3,730	5.5
	Prohibition	Jay Scott Ryder	1,935	2.9
Total votes			67,231	100.0
	Democratic gain from Independent

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Clarence F. Lea (Incumbent)	42,063	100.0
	Democratic hold

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Clarence F. Lea (Incumbent)	34,427	61.7
	Republican	C. A. Bodwell Jr.	18,569	33.3
	Socialist	A. K. Gifford	2,773	5.0
Total votes			55,769	100.0
	Democratic hold

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Clarence F. Lea (Incumbent)	53,129	100.0
	Democratic hold

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Clarence F. Lea (Incumbent)	47,250	100.0
	Democratic hold

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Clarence F. Lea (Incumbent)	60,207	100.0
	Democratic hold

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Clarence F. Lea (Incumbent)	56,381	100.0
	Democratic hold

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Clarence F. Lea (Incumbent)	66,703	100.0
	Democratic hold

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Clarence F. Lea (Incumbent)	73,400	100.0
	Democratic hold