Chhatrapati
Indian royal title
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Usage examples
The title was used by Man Singh of Gwalior. Sangita Raga-Kalpa-druma (1842) by Krishnananda Vyasa contains dhrupad lyrics in which Tansen addresses Man Singh Tomar (r. c. 1486-1516), the ruler of Gwalior, as a Chhatrapati: "छत्रपति मान राजा, तुम चिरंजीव रहौ जौलो ध्रुव मेरू तारो".[2]
The 1644 CE Rajsitapur inscription, issued by Amarasimha I of Jhalavad, uses the epithet Chhatrapati for the Mughal emperor Shahjahan.[3]
The Maratha ruler Shivaji adopted the title Chhatrapati at the time of his coronation in 1674.[4] His descendants - the members of the House of Bhonsle - also used the title, as the rulers of the Maratha Confederacy and the princely states of Satara and Kolhapur.