Choerodon
Genus of fishes
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Choerodon is a genus of wrasses native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean.[3] They originated in the Miocene, when the Australian and Eurasian Plates collided.[4] They are commonly referred to as tuskfish, because most species have sharp tusk-like teeth.
| Choerodon | |
|---|---|
| |
| Blue-spotted tuskfish (C. cauteroma) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Labriformes |
| Family: | Labridae |
| Subfamily: | Hypsigenyinae |
| Genus: | Choerodon Bleeker, 1849 |
| Type species | |
| Labrus macrodontus Lacépède, 1801[1] | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
|
List
| |
Taxonomy
The genus Choerodon is most closely related to the odacine wrasses. Both groups are part of the wrasse tribe Hypsigenyini. Choerodon is split into 6 subgenera.[5] Molecular phylogenetic analysis has so far demonstrated the monophyly of the subgenera, although not all species in the genus have been evaluated.[6]
Choerodon typus was traditionally placed within its own genus Xiphocheilus, but both morphological and molecular analyses now place it within Choerodon, with Xiphocheilus becoming its subgenus name instead.[5][6]
Potential tool use in tuskfishes
Orange-dotted, blue, graphic, and blackspot tuskfish have been recorded using large rocks or hard coral as "anvils", upon which they smash open hard-shelled prey items. All four species belong to the subgenus Choerodon, and can remember to use a particular rock or coral repeatedly for this purpose. This behaviour usually involves invertebrate prey such as clams and sea urchins, but on one occasion, a blue tuskfish was filmed smashing a young green sea turtle on an anvil.[7][8][9][10][11] Anvil use is also documented in several other wrasse genera.[11][12][13]
Species
The 27 currently recognized species in this genus are:[3][5][14][15]
| Subgenus | Species | Common name | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aspiurochilus | Choerodon azurio
(D. S. Jordan & Snyder, 1901) |
Azurio tuskfish | .jpg) |
| Choerodon cypselurus
Gomon, 2017 |
swallowtail tuskfish[5] | ||
| Choerodon monostigma
J. D. Ogilby, 1910 |
dark-spot tuskfish | ,_with_descriptions_of_three_new_species_fig_22_(cropped).png) | |
| Choerodon robustus
(Günther, 1862) |
robust tuskfish | .jpg) | |
| Choerodon zamboangae
(Seale & B. A. Bean, 1907) |
purple eyebrowed tuskfish | ,_with_descriptions_of_three_new_species_fig_25_(cropped).png) | |
| Choerodon | Choerodon anchorago
(Bloch, 1791) |
orange-dotted tuskfish | _-_49760086097_(cropped).jpg) |
| Choerodon cauteroma
M. F. Gomon & G. R. Allen, 1987 |
bluespotted tuskfish |  | |
| Choerodon cephalotes
(Castelnau, 1875) |
purple tuskfish | .jpg) | |
| Choerodon cyanodus
(J. Richardson, 1843) |
blue tuskfish | .jpg) | |
| Choerodon graphicus
(de Vis, 1885) |
graphic tuskfish | .jpg) | |
| Choerodon oligacanthus
(Bleeker, 1851) |
white-patch tuskfish | ,_with_descriptions_of_three_new_species_fig_11_(cropped).png) | |
| Choerodon rubescens
(Günther, 1862) |
baldchin groper | .jpg) | |
| Choerodon schoenleinii
(Valenciennes, 1839) |
blackspot tuskfish | .jpg) | |
| Choerodon venustus
(de Vis, 1884) |
Venus tuskfish | ,_with_descriptions_of_three_new_species_fig_16_(cropped).png) | |
| Lienardella | Choerodon fasciatus
(Günther, 1867) |
harlequin tuskfish | .jpg) |
| Lutjanilabrus | Choerodon vitta
J. D. Ogilby, 1910 |
redstripe tuskfish |  |
| Peaolopseia | Choerodon albofasciatus
Gomon, 2017[5] |
,_with_descriptions_of_three_new_species_09_(cropped).png) | |
| Choerodon aurulentus
Gomon, 2017 |
gilded tuskfish | ,_with_descriptions_of_three_new_species_08.png) | |
| Choerodon frenatus
J. D. Ogilby, 1910 |
bridled tuskfish | ,_with_descriptions_of_three_new_species_07_(cropped).png) | |
| Choerodon gomoni
G. R. Allen & J. E. Randall, 2002 |
Gomon's tuskfish | ,_with_descriptions_of_three_new_species_06_(cropped).png) | |
| Choerodon gymnogenys
(Günther, 1867) |
,_with_descriptions_of_three_new_species_05_(cropped).png) | ||
| Choerodon jordani
(Snyder, 1908) |
Jordan's tuskfish | .jpg) | |
| Choerodon margaritiferus
Fowler & B. A. Bean, 1928 |
pearly tuskfish | ,_with_descriptions_of_three_new_species_02_(cropped).png) | |
| Choerodon skaiopygmaeus
Gomon, 2017[5] |
|||
| Choerodon sugillatum
M. F. Gomon, 1987 |
wedge-tailed tuskfish |  | |
| Choerodon zosterophorus
(Bleeker, 1868) |
Zoster wrasse | _(40503187381)_(cropped).jpg) | |
| Xiphocheilus | Choerodon typus
Bleeker, 1856 |
blue-banded wrasse | ,_with_descriptions_of_three_new_species_10.png) |
