Clackamas County, Oregon

County in Oregon, United States From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Clackamas County (/ˈklækəməs/ CLAK-ə-məss) is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 421,401, making it Oregon's third-most populous county.[1] Its county seat is Oregon City.[2] The county was named after the native people living in the area at the time of the coming of Europeans, the Clackamas people, who are part of the Chinookan peoples.

Country United States
FoundedJuly 5, 1843
Quick facts Country, State ...
Clackamas County, Oregon
Official seal of Clackamas County, Oregon
Official logo of Clackamas County, Oregon
Map of Oregon highlighting Clackamas County
Location within the U.S. state of Oregon
Coordinates: 45°11′N 122°13′W
Country United States
State Oregon
FoundedJuly 5, 1843
Named afterClackamas people
SeatOregon City
Largest cityLake Oswego
Area
  Total
1,883 sq mi (4,880 km2)
  Land1,870 sq mi (4,800 km2)
  Water13 sq mi (34 km2)  0.7%
Population
 (2020)
  Total
421,401
  Estimate 
(2024)
425,857 Increase
  Density225/sq mi (87.0/km2)
Time zoneUTC−8 (Pacific)
  Summer (DST)UTC−7 (PDT)
Congressional districts2nd, 3rd, 5th, 6th
Websitewww.clackamas.us
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Map of Clackamas County
Map of Clackamas County

Clackamas County is part of the Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is in the Willamette Valley.

History

Originally named Clackamas District, it was one of the four original Oregon districts created by Oregon's Provisional Legislature on July 5, 1843, along with Twality (later Washington), Champooick (later Marion), and Yamhill. At the time of its creation, Clackamas County covered portions of modern Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, and British Columbia.[3] The Columbia River became the northern boundary of the county in 1844. Soon after, John McLoughlin staked a land claim in Oregon City and built a house that in 2003 became a unit of the Fort Vancouver National Historic Site. The four districts were ultimately redesignated as counties in 1845.

Most of the indigenous people of the Wil-lamet Valley were forcibly removed in February 1859, to the reservation of the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde. Most were moved without treaty or compensation for lost lands or resources. Some 22 tribes were moved during the cold winter. It is estimated that 30% did not survive the first year. The tribes eventually prospered, but outside of Clackamas County. They also never received any revenue or compensation from the logging of their homeland forests.

In addition, the Tribes of the Cascades Mountains were isolated to a Reservation after the signing of a treaty in 1859. Confederated Tribes of Warmsprings was established and remains a strong and vital player in actions that concern the Federal forests of the Cascades Range.

Oregon City was also the site of the only federal court west of the Rockies in 1849, when San Francisco, California, was platted. The plat was filed in 1850 in the first plat book of the first office of records on the West Coast and is still in Oregon City.

Around 1900, the spa and resort at Wilthoit Springs was a popular tourist destination.[4] In 1902, the Willamette Meteorite was removed from a field near present-day West Linn.

Geography

Forest west of Clackamas River Valley

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,883 square miles (4,880 km2), of which 1,870 square miles (4,800 km2) is land and 12 square miles (31 km2) (0.7%) is water.[5]

Major highways

Adjacent counties

The county includes parts of two national forests: Mount Hood National Forest and Willamette National Forest.

Demographics

More information Census, Pop. ...
Historical population
CensusPop.Note
18501,859
18603,46686.4%
18705,99372.9%
18809,26054.5%
189015,23364.5%
190019,65829.0%
191029,93152.3%
192037,69825.9%
193046,20522.6%
194057,13023.6%
195086,71651.8%
1960113,03830.4%
1970166,08846.9%
1980241,91945.7%
1990278,85015.3%
2000338,39121.4%
2010375,99211.1%
2020421,40112.1%
2024 (est.)425,857[6] Increase1.1%
U.S. Decennial Census[7]
1790–1960[8] 1900–1990[9]
1990–2000[10] 2010–2020[1]
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2020 census

As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 421,401. Of the residents, 21.5% were under the age of 18 and 19.2% were 65 years of age or older; the median age was 41.7 years. For every 100 females there were 96.9 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 94.7 males. 82.9% of residents lived in urban areas and 17.1% lived in rural areas.[11][12]

Detailed counts of the non-Hispanic or Latino racial and ethnic groups from 1980 through 2020 are shown below.

More information Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic), Pop 1980 ...
Clackamas County, Oregon – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 1980[13] Pop 1990[14] Pop 2000[15] Pop 2010[16] Pop 2020[17] % 1980 % 1990 % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 233,221 263,965 301,548 317,648 325,361 96.40% 94.66% 89.11% 84.48% 77.21%
Black or African American alone (NH) 757 1,107 2,056 2,761 4,336 0.31% 0.40% 0.61% 0.73% 1.03%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 1,225 1,824 2,090 2,340 2,249 0.51% 0.65% 0.62% 0.62% 0.53%
Asian alone (NH) 2,376 4,723 8,216 13,575 20,459 0.98% 1.69% 2.43% 3.61% 4.85%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) x [18] x [19] 521 815 1,056 x x 0.15% 0.22% 0.25%
Other race alone (NH) 716 102 317 438 2,158 0.30% 0.04% 0.09% 0.12% 0.51%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) x [20] x [21] 6,899 9,277 25,440 x x 2.04% 2.47% 6.04%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 3,624 7,129 16,744 29,138 40,342 1.50% 2.56% 4.95% 7.75% 9.57%
Total 241,919 278,850 338,391 375,992 421,401 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
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The racial makeup of the county was 79.5% White, 1.1% Black or African American, 0.8% American Indian and Alaska Native, 4.9% Asian, 0.3% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 3.8% from some other race, and 9.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 9.6% of the population.[22]

There were 160,503 households in the county, of which 30.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them and 23.1% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. About 23.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[12]

There were 170,094 housing units, of which 5.6% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 69.7% were owner-occupied and 30.3% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.1% and the rental vacancy rate was 5.5%.[12]

2010 census

As of the 2010 census, there were 375,992 people, 145,790 households, and 100,866 families in the county.[23] The population density was 201.0 inhabitants per square mile (77.6/km2). There were 156,945 housing units at an average density of 83.9 per square mile (32.4/km2).[24] The racial makeup of the county was 88.2% white, 3.7% Asian, 0.8% American Indian, 0.8% black or African American, 0.2% Pacific islander, 3.1% from other races, and 3.2% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 7.7% of the population.[23] In terms of ancestry, 24.9% were German, 14.5% were English, 13.3% were Irish, 5.0% were Norwegian, and 4.9% were American.[25]

Of the 145,790 households, 32.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.8% were married couples living together, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 30.8% were non-families, and 24.1% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.04. The median age was 40.6 years.[23]

The median income for a household in the county was $62,007 and the median income for a family was $74,905. Males had a median income of $53,488 versus $39,796 for females. The per capita income for the county was $31,785. About 6.1% of families and 9.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.2% of those under age 18 and 6.2% of those age 65 or over.[26]

2000 census

As of the 2000 census, there were 338,391 people, 128,201 households, and 91,663 families in the county. The population density was 181 people per square mile (70 people/km2). There were 136,954 housing units at an average density of 73 units per square mile (28/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 91.27% White, 2.45% Asian, 0.71% Native American, 0.66% Black or African American, 0.17% Pacific Islander, 2.28% from other races, and 2.46% from two or more races. 4.95% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 20.7% were of German, 11.6% English, 9.1% Irish and 7.5% American ancestry.

There were 128,201 households, out of which 34.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.60% were married couples living together, 9.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.50% were non-families. 22.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 3.07.

The county population contained 26.20% under the age of 18, 8.00% from 18 to 24, 28.70% from 25 to 44, 26.00% from 45 to 64, and 11.10% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.90 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $52,080, and the median income for a family was $60,791. Males had a median income of $43,462 versus $30,891 for females. The per capita income for the county was $25,973. About 4.60% of families and 6.60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.60% of those under age 18 and 5.10% of those age 65 or over.

Communities

Mount Hood reflected in Trillium Lake
Clackamas River flowing through Milo McIver State Park

Several of the county's cities extend into other counties. Lake Oswego and Milwaukie include areas in Multnomah County. Lake Oswego, Rivergrove and Wilsonville include areas in Washington County. The cities of Portland and Tualatin extend into Clackamas County from Multnomah and Washington counties respectively.

In Clackamas County, hamlets and villages are models of local land use governance for unincorporated areas. The four hamlets in Clackamas County are Beavercreek, Molalla Prairie, Mulino, and Stafford. The county's only village is the Villages at Mount Hood.

Cities

Census-designated places

Hamlets

Locales, etc.

Unincorporated communities

Former unincorporated communities

Government and politics

Incorporated communities

Clackamas County is the first county in Oregon to have four models of governance for its communities. Like the rest of Oregon, it has cities (which are formally incorporated) and rural communities (some of which for federal purposes are considered census-designated places).

After the completion of a process that began in late 1999, the county adopted an ordinance on August 11, 2005, which defined hamlets and villages. By the November 30, 2005, deadline, three communities had submitted petitions to be designated as such. Boring petitioned to become a village, but the application was rejected in a town hall referendum in August 2006. The communities along U.S. Route 26 near Mount Hood from Brightwood to Rhododendron petitioned to become "The Villages at Mount Hood", and it was approved by residents in May 2006. Beavercreek petitioned to become a hamlet, and was recognized as such in September 2006.

County commissioners

More information District, Name ...
District Name
Chair Craig Roberts
Commissioner, Position 2 Paul Savas
Commissioner, Position 3 Martha Schrader
Commissioner, Position 4 Diana Helm[a]
Commissioner, Position 5 Ben West
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County officials

More information Office, Name ...
Office Name
District Attorney John Wentworth
County Sheriff Angela Brandenburg
County Clerk Catherine McMullen
Justice of the Peace Karen Brisbin
Assessor Tax Collector Bronson Rueda
Treasurer Brian Nava
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Federal officials

State representatives

More information District, Name ...
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State senators

More information District, Name ...
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More information Year, Republican ...
United States presidential election results for Clackamas County, Oregon[33]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
No.%No.%No.%
1880 1,166 57.10% 872 42.70% 4 0.20%
1884 1,381 55.31% 1,015 40.65% 101 4.04%
1888 1,527 56.39% 1,005 37.11% 176 6.50%
1892 1,815 44.51% 655 16.06% 1,608 39.43%
1896 2,664 51.79% 2,386 46.38% 94 1.83%
1900 2,234 53.96% 1,641 39.64% 265 6.40%
1904 2,783 67.78% 684 16.66% 639 15.56%
1908 2,776 53.91% 1,866 36.24% 507 9.85%
1912 1,503 23.01% 2,171 33.24% 2,858 43.75%
1916 6,349 50.91% 5,334 42.77% 788 6.32%
1920 6,928 59.52% 3,740 32.13% 971 8.34%
1924 5,864 43.28% 3,099 22.87% 4,585 33.84%
1928 9,216 59.51% 5,918 38.22% 352 2.27%
1932 5,964 32.05% 11,575 62.20% 1,069 5.74%
1936 5,830 27.37% 14,203 66.67% 1,270 5.96%
1940 11,416 45.39% 13,547 53.86% 190 0.76%
1944 12,492 46.29% 14,060 52.10% 435 1.61%
1948 14,431 47.97% 14,263 47.41% 1,389 4.62%
1952 24,174 59.51% 16,219 39.93% 227 0.56%
1956 25,314 55.36% 20,416 44.64% 0 0.00%
1960 28,531 54.53% 23,679 45.26% 109 0.21%
1964 21,299 37.34% 35,711 62.60% 33 0.06%
1968 32,363 50.60% 27,939 43.68% 3,659 5.72%
1972 41,767 53.49% 32,540 41.67% 3,782 4.84%
1976 47,671 50.74% 42,504 45.24% 3,784 4.03%
1980 54,111 49.42% 40,462 36.96% 14,910 13.62%
1984 68,630 59.08% 47,254 40.68% 289 0.25%
1988 61,381 49.76% 59,799 48.48% 2,171 1.76%
1992 53,724 34.76% 60,310 39.03% 40,504 26.21%
1996 59,443 40.95% 67,709 46.65% 17,994 12.40%
2000 77,539 47.79% 76,421 47.10% 8,302 5.12%
2004 97,691 50.10% 95,129 48.78% 2,180 1.12%
2008 83,595 43.57% 103,476 53.93% 4,807 2.51%
2012 88,592 46.79% 95,493 50.44% 5,247 2.77%
2016 88,392 41.30% 102,095 47.70% 23,552 11.00%
2020 110,509 42.89% 139,043 53.96% 8,127 3.15%
2024 106,387 43.20% 130,580 53.03% 9,273 3.77%
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Economy

Since the county's creation, agriculture, timber, manufacturing, and commerce have been the principal economic activities. Mount Hood, the only year-round ski resort in the United States and the site of Timberline Lodge, is a major attraction for recreation and tourism, offering outdoor recreation activities from skiing and rafting to fishing and camping.

Infrastructure

The county supports the Library Information Network of Clackamas County. The urban areas of the county are also served by Metro.

Notable people

See also

Notes

  1. Appointed May 19, 2025 to replace Melissa Fireside, who resigned in March 2025 following criminal charges of forgery and identity theft.[30][31]

References

Further reading

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