Đắk Lắk province

The name comes from the Mnong (a Mon-Khmer language) word dak Lak (/daːk laːk/, which sounds similar to "Đác Lác" in Vietnamese), literally "Lak Lake",^[5] referring to the largest freshwater lake in the province. The word dak means "water" or "lake", and is a cognate of the Vietnamese nước/nác ("water").^[5] The official spelling in Vietnamese is Đắk Lắk, with the fact that the original Mnong word contains long "a" sounds rather than short "ă" sounds. Some other spellings such as Dak Lak, Daklak, Đăk Lăk, Đắc Lắc, and Darlac (in older French texts),^[6] among others,^[7] have also been used. The Daklak Guest House, for example, inconsistently uses Daklak and Đắk Lắk.^[8] Linguist Nguyễn Minh Hoạt has argued that a sensible spelling would be Dak Lăk, based on the ground that lak means dermatophytosis in Rade (an unrelated language of the Austronesian family), whilst also citing the Mnong origin as the basis for the dak part of the spelling.^[7]

The area later known as Đắk Lắk was originally controlled by the Kingdom of Champa. When Champa was conquered and annexed by Vietnam in the 15th century, Đắk Lắk was brought under Vietnamese rule. Later, in 1540, a noble named Bùi Tá Hán was appointed by the Vietnamese authorities to direct the settlement of the area by ethnic Vietnamese, bringing the highlands under more effective Vietnamese control. Military outposts were established in the area to guard against possible aggression from the west. Later, when Vietnam was occupied by the French, the French established plantations in the area. There is resistance to French rule in Đắk Lắk, with minority tribes leading a number of rebellions, including a 23-year campaign led by N’Trang Lơng, a M’Nông tribal leader. Later, Đắk Lắk was part of South Vietnam, and saw action in the Vietnam War.

Chronology of events

• End of the 19th century: Đắk Lắk belonged to Kon Tum, part of Vietnam
• 22 November 1904: Đắk Lắk province was created and administered by Annam
• 9 February 1913: Đắk Lắk province again part of Kon Tum
• 2 July 1923: a new Đắk Lắk was formed. It only had villages.
• 1931: it consisted of 5 provinces: Buôn Ma Thuột, Buôn Hồ, Đắk Song, Lak, M'Đrăk
• 2 July 1958: Đắk Lắk (Darlac) is composed of Buôn Ma Thuột, Lạc Thiện, M'Đrăk, Đắk Song, Buôn Hồ
• 23 January 1959: Quảng Đức province was created with the separation of Đăk Song. Part of M'Đrăk district was added to Khánh Hòa Province
• 20 December 1963: Phước An District was formed, with the capital at Phước Trạch, then later to Thuận Hiếu on 1 September 1965.
• 1976: new Đắk Lắk was formed from Đắk Lắk and Quảng Đức.
• 26 November 2003: Đắk Lắk was dissolved again into Đắk Lắk and Đắk Nông.

Đắk Lắk is based around the Đắk Lắk Plateau, around six hundred metres above sea level. About 60km south of Buôn Ma Thuột is Lak Lake. Overlooking the lake is the old summer residence of Emperor Bảo Đại which has been renovated into a hotel. Surrounding the lake is Jun Village, home of the Jun people. The villagers use a form of fishing involving the attachment of metal rods to a car battery, running the rods through the water, stunning the fish, and then collecting them to keep in a tank at the village until they are needed.

Coffee, fruit, and rubber play a part in its economy. There have been efforts to harness the province's potential for hydroelectric generation. The Jun people take advantage of the tourist trade that passes through, giving elephant rides through the village and across the lake.

Air travel for the province is served by Buon Ma Thuot Airport and Tuy Hoa Airport which both provide direct daily domestic flights to Ha Noi and Ho Chi Minh City operated by Vietnam Airlines, VietJet Air, Pacific Airlines and Bamboo Airways.