Draft:Pedro Calmon
Brazilian historian
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Pedro Calmon Moniz de Bittencourt (December 23 1902 – June 16 1985) was a Brazilian historian, essayist, professor, and politician. A prolific author who explored many genres – including biographies, short stories, and crônicas –, he is best known for his studies on the history of Brazil.
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Pedro Calmon | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | December 23 1902 |
| Died | June 16 1985 |
| Alma mater | |
| Occupations | Politician, professor, writer |
| Notable work | História social do Brasil - 3 vols |
Biography
Born in the interior of Bahia to a family with ties to the nobility, Calmon enrolled at his state's Faculty of Law and later transferred to the National Faculty of Law, from which he graduated. In 1927, he began his political career as a state deputy of Bahia, becoming a federal deputy in 1935.[1] From 1950 to 1951, he served as Minister of Education under president Eurico Gaspar Dutra, and again from 1959 to 1961 under president Juscelino Kubitschek.[2][3]
Calmon served as rector of the University of Brazil from 1948 to 1950 and from 1951 to 1966, presided over the Brazilian Academy of Letters in 1945, was a member of the Brazilian Historic and Geographic Institute, and taught at the traditional Colégio Pedro II.[4][5]
In 1961, Calmon nominated the World Esperanto Association for the Nobel Peace Prize. In 1966, he indicated Habib Ben Ali Bourguiba for the same prize in acknowledgment of his deeds in the context of Israel-Palestine relations.[6]
Throughout his life, Calmon received several honors and distinctions, including the Grand-Cross of the Military Order of Christ (1961); the Grand-Cross of the Order of Infante D. Henrique (1971); the Order of Merit (1972); and the Grand-Cross of the Military Order of Saint James of the Sword (1978).
The Fundação Pedro Calmon [pt], a government agency responsible for managing the system of public libraries and archives in the state of Bahia, and the Professor Pedro Calmon State School, are named in his honor.
Works
Biographies and historiographies
- Anchieta, o santo do Brasil (1930)
- O crime de Antonio Vieira (1931)
- Por Brasil e Portugal. Sermões do Padre Vieira, anotados (1933)
- O Marquês de Abrantes (1933)
- Gomes Carneiro, o general da República (1933)
- O rei cavaleiro: Vida de D. Pedro I (1933)
- O rei do Brasil: Vida de D. João VI (1935)
- Vida e amores de Castro Alves (1935)
- O rei filósofo: A vida de D. Pedro II (1938)
- Princesa Isabel, a Redentora (1941)
- História do Brasil na poesia do povo (1941)
- A vida de Castro Alves (1947)
- A bala de ouro- História de um crime romântico (1947)
- História da literatura baiana (1949)
- Castro Alves: o homem e a obra (1973)
- Para melhor conhecer Castro Alves (1974)
Literature
- Pedras d’armas, short stories (1923)
- O tesouro de Belchior, novel (1929)
- Figuras de azulejo, crônicas (1939)
- Estados Unidos de leste a oeste, crônicas (1942)
History
- A conquista: história das bandeiras baianas (1926)
- História da Bahia (1927)
- História da Independência do Brasil (1929)
- História da civilização brasileira (1932)
- História social do Brasil, 1º vol.: Espírito da sociedade colonial (1935)
- História social do Brasil, 2º vol: Espírito da sociedade imperial (1937)
- História social do Brasil, 3º vol: A época republicana (1939)
- História da Casa da Torre (1939)
- História do Brasil, 1º vol.: As origens (1939)
- História do Brasil, 2º vol.: A formação (1941)
- História diplomática do Brasil (1941)
- Brasil e América: História de uma política (1941)
- História do Brasil, 3º vol.: A organização (1943)
- História do Brasil, 4º vol.: O Império (1947)
- História da fundação da Bahia (1949)
- História do Brasil, 5º vol.: A República (1955)
Law
- Direito de propriedade (1926)
- Reforma constitucional da Bahia (1929)
- Curso de Direito Constitucional (1937)
- Curso de Teoria Geral do Estado (1941)
- O Estado e o Direito nos "Lusíadas" (1945)
- História das idéias políticas (1954)