Good Fence
1976–2000 Israeli policy that supported Christian militias in Lebanon
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The Good Fence (Hebrew: הגדר הטובה, romanized: HaGader HaTova, Arabic: السياج الجيد, romanized: as-Siyaj al-Jayyid) was a term that referred to Israel's mountainous 129-kilometre (80 mi) northern border with Lebanon[1] during the period following the 1978 South Lebanon conflict, during the Lebanese Civil War. At the time, southern Lebanon was controlled by the Maronite Christian militias and the South Lebanon Army, as the Free Lebanon State (1978–1984) and later the South Lebanon security belt administration.
Background
From the 1948 establishment of the State of Israel until 1970, Israel's border with Lebanon was somewhat quiet to the point that farmers from the Israeli town of Metula farmed their lands in the Ayoun Valley inside Lebanon. Throughout the early to mid 1960s the border was largely peaceful, and no fortifications or fencing had been built by either side. This started to change after infiltrators from the Lebanese side sabotaged a water pipe in Israel, resulting in the creation of a perimeter fence along the border.[2] Not long after this, Kibbutz Manara was shelled from the Lebanese side on May 5 1967, and again in June 1968.[3][4] In 1970, after their expulsion from Jordan during Black September, the PLO began taking control over southern Lebanon.[5] Coinciding with the escalation of violence within Lebanon and the later outbreak of the Lebanese Civil War, starting in 1968, the border became a line of confrontation between Israel and Palestinian militias.
History
The beginning of the Good Fence coincides with the beginning of the civil war in Lebanon in 1976 and Israeli support for the predominantly-Maronite militias in southern Lebanon in their battle with the PLO. From 1977, Israel allowed the Maronites and their allies to find employment in Israel and provided assistance in exporting their goods through the Israeli port city of Haifa.
The main border crossing for goods and workers was the Fatima Gate crossing near Metula. This provided essential economic stability to the administration of the State of Free Lebanon and the later South Lebanon security belt administration.
Before 2000, approximately one-third of the ophthalmology patients at Western Galilee Hospital were Lebanese who crossed the border through the Good Fence and received treatment free of charge.[6]
The Good Fence ceased to exist with Israel's withdrawal from southern Lebanon in 2000 and disintegration of the South Lebanon security belt administration and the SLA militia.
