Guzerá
Brazilian breed of cattle
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Guzerá or Guzerat is a Brazilian breed of taurindicine cattle. It derives from cross-breeding of Indian Kankrej cattle, imported to Brazil from 1870 onwards, with local taurine Crioulo cattle of European origin.[3]: 193 The name is a Portuguese spelling of that of the western Indian state of Gujarat.[3]: 193
- Azulego
- Kankrej
- Guzerat
- Northeast Region
- State of Goiás
- State of Minas Gerais
- State of Rio de Janeiro
- State of São Paulo
Bull in Avaré | |
.JPG) Cow in Avaré | |
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| Country of origin | Brazil |
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| Skin colour | black[2] |
| Coat | usually grey or white[3]: 193 |
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History
From about 1870 Kankrej bulls from the Indian state of Gujarat were imported to the Cerrado region of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, where they were cross-bred with local cows of Crioulo type, giving rise to the Guzerá; the name is a Portuguese spelling of 'Gujarat'. Some Kankrej cows were also imported, and zebuine mitochondrial DNA is carried by roughly 70% of modern Guzerá cattle.[3]: 193 The cattle spread to Uberaba and to northern São Paulo State, and later to the states of Goiás and Rio de Janeiro and to states in the Nordeste region.[3]: 193
The herd-book for the breed was started in 1938; in it, three separate lines are distinguished: the beef type, a dual-purpose meat and dairy line (Guzerá Leiteiro) and a polled variant (Guzerá Mocho).[3]: 193 [4]: 866 In 2010 there were approximately 92000 head registered, constituting some 3.5% of the total number of indicine cattle in Brazil; there were about 17500 new registrations in that year.[3]: 193 The total number reported for the breed for 2022 was just under 40000.[2]
The Guzerá was one of the principal breeds from which the American Brahman was developed in the twentieth century,[3]: 137 and has contributed to the development of several other Brazilian breeds. Among these are the Guzolando, from cross-breeding with Holandesa (Friesian) stock; the Indu-Brasil, from crosses with Brazilian Gir and Nellore;[3]: 193 the Lavinia, from crossing with the Schwyz;[5]: 711 the Normanzu, from crosses with the Normande;[5]: 153 and the Pitangueiras, from cross-breeding with the Red Poll.[3]: 193
