Japan Series

Annual championship series in Nippon Professional Baseball From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Japan Series (日本シリーズ Nippon Shiriizu, officially the Japan Championship Series, プロ野球日本選手権シリーズ Puro Yakyū Nippon Senshuken Shiriizu),[1] also the Nippon Series,[2][3] is the annual championship series in Nippon Professional Baseball, the top baseball league in Japan. It is a best-of-seven series between the winning clubs of the league's two circuits, the Central League and the Pacific League, and is played in October or November. The first team to win four games is the overall winner and is declared the Japan Series Champion (日本一, Nippon Ichi; number one in Japan) each year. The Japan Series uses a 2–3–2 format, with the latter four games in theory if additional games are needed following ties.

Month playedLate October–early November
Established1950
Quick facts Tournament information, Sport ...
Japan Series
Tournament information
SportBaseball
Month playedLate October–early November
Established1950
AdministratorNippon Professional Baseball
FormatBest-of-seven series
Teams2
Defending championsFukuoka SoftBank Hawks
(12th title)
Most championshipsYomiuri Giants
(22 titles)
Most recent tournament
2025 Japan Series
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The home team for games 1, 2 and eventually 6 and 7, alternates between the two leagues with the Pacific League having the advantage on the years ending with an odd number and the Central League on the years ending with an even number. Designated hitters are used if the team from the Pacific League hosts the game. There is a 40-man postseason roster limit, and the rule on drawn games is changed to 12 innings, since 2018. If the series is tied after the seventh game, a Game 8 will be held with the same team hosting Games 6 and 7 hosting this game. Only once has a Game 8 been played in Japan Series history, where the Seibu Lions defeated the Hiroshima Toyo Carp in 1986. In the event that Game 8 does not decide the series, the next game would be played at the stadium that hosted Games 3 through 5 after a day of rest, and games will continue until one team wins four games.

Every current team in the NPB has won the Japan Series at least once. The team with the most championships is the Yomiuri Giants, who have won the Japan Series twenty-two times. In 2004, the Pacific League instituted a three-team stepladder playoff format to determine the league champion, while the Central League champion had a long wait before the Japan Series. During this time, the Pacific League won four consecutive Series from 2003 to 2006. Starting with the 2007 postseason, both leagues adopted the Climax Series to determine their champions. The Climax Series involves the top three finishers in each league, though the format gives a significant advantage to the team with the best record in each league.

On November 6, 2010, the Chunichi Dragons and Chiba Lotte Marines played the longest game in Japan Series history. It lasted fifteen innings and resulted in a 2–2 draw, with the game lasting 5 hours and 43 minutes.[4] Only Game 2 of the 2022 Japan Series on October 23, 2022, came close, with the Orix Buffaloes and Tokyo Yakult Swallows playing to a 3–3 draw after 12 innings, lasting 5 hours and 3 minutes.

Even though the Central League is historically more victorious, in recent years, the Pacific League has been catching up in titles. Currently, each league has won 38 times. The Pacific League won eight consecutive Japan Series championships from 2013 to 2020, with six by the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks, and one each by the Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters and Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles. The streak was broken in 2021, with the Tokyo Yakult Swallows beating the Orix Buffaloes.

List of winners

  Pacific League team (PL)
  Central League team (CL)
More information MVP, FSA ...
MVP Japan Series Most Valuable Player Award
FSA Fighting Spirit Award (MVP on the losing team)
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More information Year, Winning team ...
Year Winning team Manager Series Losing team Manager MVP FSA
1950 Mainichi OrionsYuasa Yoshio4–2Shochiku RobinsTokuro KonishiKaoru BettouNot awarded
1951 Yomiuri GiantsShigeru Mizuhara4–1Nankai HawksKazuto TsuruokaYukou MinamimuraNot awarded
1952 Yomiuri GiantsShigeru Mizuhara4–2Nankai HawksKazuto TsuruokaTakehiko BesshoNot awarded
1953 Yomiuri GiantsShigeru Mizuhara4–2–1Nankai HawksKazuto TsuruokaTetsuharu KawakamiHiroshi Minohara
1954 Chunichi DragonsShunichi Amachi4–3Nishitetsu LionsOsamu MiharaShigeru SugishitaHiroshi Oshita
1955 Yomiuri GiantsShigeru Mizuhara4–3Nankai HawksKazuto TsuruokaTakehiko BesshoIchiro Togawa
1956 Nishitetsu LionsOsamu Mihara4–2Yomiuri GiantsShigeru MizuharaYasumitsu ToyodaKazuhisa Inao*
1957 Nishitetsu LionsOsamu Mihara4–0–1Yomiuri GiantsShigeru MizuharaHiroshi OshitaToshio Miyamoto
1958 Nishitetsu LionsOsamu Mihara4–3Yomiuri GiantsShigeru MizuharaKazuhisa InaoMotoshi Fujita
1959 Nankai HawksKazuto Tsuruoka4–0Yomiuri GiantsShigeru MizuharaTadashi SugiuraMasataka Tsuchiya
1960 Taiyō WhalesOsamu Mihara4–0Daimai OrionsYukio NishimotoAkihito KondoKenjiro Tamiya
1961 Yomiuri GiantsTetsuharu Kawakami4–2Nankai HawksKazuto TsuruokaAndy MiyamotoJoe Stanka
1962 Toei FlyersShigeru Mizuhara4–2–1Hanshin TigersSadayoshi FujimotoMasayuki Dobashi
Masayuki Tanemo
Yoshio Yoshida
1963 Yomiuri GiantsTetsuharu Kawakami4–3Nishitetsu LionsFutoshi NakanishiShigeo NagashimaKazuhisa Inao
1964 Nankai HawksKazuto Tsuruoka4–3Hanshin TigersSadayoshi FujimotoJoe StankaKazuhiro Yamauchi
1965 Yomiuri GiantsTetsuharu Kawakami4–1Nankai HawksKazuto TsuruokaShigeo NagashimaNobushige Morishita
1966 Yomiuri GiantsTetsuharu Kawakami4–2Nankai HawksKazuto TsuruokaIsao ShibataTaisuke Watanabe
1967 Yomiuri GiantsTetsuharu Kawakami4–2Hankyu BravesYukio NishimotoMasaaki MoriMitsuhiro Adachi
1968 Yomiuri GiantsTetsuharu Kawakami4–2Hankyu BravesYukio NishimotoShigeru TakadaTokuji Nagaike
1969 Yomiuri GiantsTetsuharu Kawakami4–2Hankyu BravesYukio NishimotoShigeo NagashimaTokuji Nagaike
1970 Yomiuri GiantsTetsuharu Kawakami4–1Lotte OrionsWataru NoninShigeo NagashimaReiji Iishi
1971 Yomiuri GiantsTetsuharu Kawakami4–1Hankyu BravesYukio NishimotoToshimitsu SuetsuguHisashi Yamada
1972 Yomiuri GiantsTetsuharu Kawakami4–1Hankyu BravesYukio NishimotoTsuneo HoriuchiMitsuhiro Adachi
1973 Yomiuri GiantsTetsuharu Kawakami4–1Nankai HawksKatsuya NomuraTsuneo HoriuchiKatsuya Nomura
1974 Lotte OrionsMasaichi Kaneda4–2Chunichi DragonsWally YonamineSumio HirotaMorimichi Takagi
1975 Hankyu BravesToshiharu Ueda4–0–2Hiroshima Toyo CarpTakeshi KobaTakashi YamaguchiKoji Yamamoto
1976 Hankyu BravesToshiharu Ueda4–3Yomiuri GiantsShigeo NagashimaYutaka FukumotoIsao Shibata
1977 Hankyu BravesToshiharu Ueda4–1Yomiuri GiantsShigeo NagashimaHisashi YamadaKazumasa Kono
1978 Yakult SwallowsTatsuro Hirooka4–3Hankyu BravesToshiharu UedaKatsuo OsugiMitsuhiro Adachi
1979 Hiroshima Toyo CarpTakeshi Koba4–3Kintetsu BuffaloesYukio NishimotoYoshihiko TakahashiTakashi Imoto
1980 Hiroshima Toyo CarpTakeshi Koba4–3Kintetsu BuffaloesYukio NishimotoJim LyttleToru Ogawa
1981 Yomiuri GiantsMotoshi Fujita4–2Nippon-Ham FightersKeiji OsawaTakashi NishimotoHiroaki Inoue
1982 Seibu LionsTatsuro Hirooka4–2Chunichi DragonsSadao KondoOsamu HigashioSeiji Kamikawa
1983 Seibu LionsTatsuro Hirooka4–3Yomiuri GiantsMotoshi FujitaTakuji OtaTakashi Nishimoto
1984 Hiroshima Toyo CarpTakeshi Koba4–3Hankyu BravesToshiharu UedaKiyoyuki NagashimaYukihiko Yamaoki
1985 Hanshin TigersYoshio Yoshida4–2Seibu LionsTatsuro HirookaRandy BassHiromichi Ishige
1986 Seibu LionsMasaaki Mori4–3–1Hiroshima Toyo CarpJunro AnanKimiyasu KudoMitsuo Tatsukawa
1987 Seibu LionsMasaaki Mori4–2Yomiuri GiantsSadaharu OhKimiyasu KudoKazunori Shinozuka
1988 Seibu LionsMasaaki Mori4–1Chunichi DragonsSenichi HoshinoHiromichi IshigeMasaru Uno
1989 Yomiuri GiantsMotoshi Fujita4–3Kintetsu BuffaloesAkira OhgiNorihiro KomadaHiromasa Arai
1990 Seibu LionsMasaaki Mori4–0Yomiuri GiantsMotoshi FujitaOrestes DestradeKaoru Okazaki
1991 Seibu LionsMasaaki Mori4–3Hiroshima Toyo CarpKoji YamamotoKouji AkiyamaKazuhisa Kawaguchi
1992 Seibu LionsMasaaki Mori4–3Yakult SwallowsKatsuya NomuraTakehiro IshiiYoichi Okabayashi
1993 Yakult SwallowsKatsuya Nomura4–3Seibu LionsMasaaki MoriKenjiro KawasakiKazuhiro Kiyohara
1994 Yomiuri GiantsShigeo Nagashima4–2Seibu LionsMasaaki MoriHiromi MakiharaKazuhiro Kiyohara
1995 Yakult SwallowsKatsuya Nomura4–1Orix BlueWaveAkira OgiTom O'MalleyHiroshi Kobayashi
1996 Orix BlueWaveAkira Ogi4–1Yomiuri GiantsShigeo NagashimaTroy NeelToshihisa Nishi
1997 Yakult SwallowsKatsuya Nomura4–1Seibu LionsOsamu HigashioAtsuya FurutaKazuo Matsui
1998 Yokohama BayStarsHiroshi Gondoh4–2Seibu LionsOsamu HigashioTakanori SuzukiKoji Otsuka
1999 Fukuoka Daiei HawksSadaharu Oh4–1Chunichi DragonsSenichi HoshinoKouji AkiyamaKenshin Kawakami
2000 Yomiuri GiantsShigeo Nagashima4–2Fukuoka Daiei HawksSadaharu OhHideki MatsuiKenji Jojima
2001 Yakult SwallowsTsutomu Wakamatsu4–1Osaka Kintetsu BuffaloesMasataka NashidaAtsuya FurutaTuffy Rhodes
2002 Yomiuri GiantsTatsunori Hara4–0Seibu LionsHaruki IharaTomohiro NiokaAlex Cabrera
2003 Fukuoka Daiei HawksSadaharu Oh4–3Hanshin TigersSenichi HoshinoToshiya SugiuchiTomoaki Kanemoto
2004 Seibu LionsTsutomu Itoh4–3Chunichi DragonsHiromitsu OchiaiTakashi IshiiKazuki Inoue
2005 Chiba Lotte MarinesBobby Valentine4–0Hanshin TigersAkinobu OkadaToshiaki ImaeAkihiro Yano
2006 Hokkaido Nippon-Ham FightersTrey Hillman4–1Chunichi DragonsHiromitsu OchiaiAtsunori InabaKenshin Kawakami
2007 Chunichi DragonsHiromitsu Ochiai4–1Hokkaido Nippon-Ham FightersTrey HillmanNorihiro NakamuraYu Darvish
2008 Saitama Seibu LionsHisanobu Watanabe4–3Yomiuri GiantsTatsunori HaraTakayuki KishiAlex Ramírez
2009 Yomiuri GiantsTatsunori Hara4–2Hokkaido Nippon-Ham FightersMasataka NashidaShinnosuke AbeShinji Takahashi
2010 Chiba Lotte MarinesNorifumi Nishimura4–2–1Chunichi DragonsHiromitsu OchiaiToshiaki ImaeKazuhiro Wada
2011 Fukuoka SoftBank HawksKoji Akiyama4–3Chunichi DragonsHiromitsu OchiaiHiroki KokuboKazuhiro Wada
2012 Yomiuri GiantsTatsunori Hara4–2Hokkaido Nippon-Ham FightersHideki KuriyamaTetsuya UtsumiAtsunori Inaba
2013 Tohoku Rakuten Golden EaglesSenichi Hoshino4–3Yomiuri GiantsTatsunori HaraManabu MimaHisayoshi Chōno
2014 Fukuoka SoftBank HawksKoji Akiyama4–1Hanshin TigersYutaka WadaSeiichi UchikawaRandy Messenger
2015 Fukuoka SoftBank HawksKimiyasu Kudo4–1Tokyo Yakult SwallowsMitsuru ManakaLee Dae-hoTetsuto Yamada
2016 Hokkaido Nippon-Ham FightersHideki Kuriyama4–2Hiroshima Toyo CarpKoichi OgataBrandon LairdBrad Eldred
2017 Fukuoka SoftBank HawksKimiyasu Kudo4–2Yokohama DeNA BayStarsAlex RamírezDennis SarfateToshiro Miyazaki
2018 Fukuoka SoftBank HawksKimiyasu Kudo4–1–1Hiroshima Toyo CarpKoichi OgataTakuya KaiSeiya Suzuki
2019 Fukuoka SoftBank HawksKimiyasu Kudo4–0Yomiuri GiantsTatsunori HaraYurisbel GracialYoshiyuki Kamei
2020 Fukuoka SoftBank HawksKimiyasu Kudo4–0Yomiuri GiantsTatsunori HaraRyoya KuriharaShosei Togo
2021 Tokyo Yakult SwallowsShingo Takatsu4–2Orix BuffaloesSatoshi NakajimaYuhei NakamuraYoshinobu Yamamoto
2022 Orix Buffaloes Satoshi Nakajima 4–2–1 Tokyo Yakult Swallows Shingo Takatsu Yutaro Sugimoto José Osuna
2023 Hanshin Tigers Akinobu Okada 4–3 Orix Buffaloes Satoshi Nakajima Koji Chikamoto Kotaro Kurebayashi
2024 Yokohama DeNA BayStars Daisuke Miura 4–2 Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks Hiroki Kokubo Masayuki Kuwahara Kenta Imamiya
2025 Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks Hiroki Kokubo 4–1 Hanshin Tigers Kyuji Fujikawa Hotaka Yamakawa Teruaki Sato
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Kazuhisa Inao, as an exception, won the Fighting Spirit Award (in 1956) while playing for the victorious Nishitetsu Lions.

Extra inning rules

Since 2018, there is a limit of 12 innings in the seven regulation games, with games being called tie games if tied after that time. From 1987 to 2020, the innings limit is abolished starting in extra games (Game 8, et al) if necessary. Since 2021, extra games are played to 12 innings as normal. Starting in the 13th inning of extra games, the World Baseball Softball Confederation two-runner tiebreaker with runners at first and second base, similar to the Japanese High School Baseball Championship (Koshien), will be implemented.

Historically:

  • Until 1966 (except 1964): Game is called at sunset (all games were played as day games)
    • 1964 (all games at night): No new inning may start after 10:30 p.m.
  • 1967–1981: No new inning may start after 5:30 p.m.
  • 1982–1986: No new inning may start after the game time reaches four-and-a-half hours
  • 1987–1993: 18-inning limit until Game 7, unlimited innings Game 8 and onward (change introduced due to Game 8 being necessary in the 1986 series due to Game 1 being called after 14 innings)
  • 1994: 18- (day game) / 15-inning (night game) limit until Game 7, unlimited innings Game 8 and onward
  • 1995–2017: / 15-inning limit until Game 7, unlimited innings Game 8 and onward
    • The three-and-a-half hour cut-off rule used in the 2011 regular season was not used for the Japan Series.
  • 2018–2020: 12-inning limit until Game 7, unlimited innings Game 8 and onward
  • 2021–present: 12-inning limit. Starting in Game 8, further innings played use WBSC two-runner tiebreaker.

Teams by number of wins

More information Team, Wins ...
Team Wins Losses Last championship Last JS appearance
Yomiuri Giants 221420122020
Saitama Seibu Lions1 13820082008
Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks2 121020252025
Tokyo Yakult Swallows 6320212022
Orix Buffaloes3 51020222023
Chiba Lotte Marines4 4220102010
Hiroshima Toyo Carp 3519842018
Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters5 3420162016
Yokohama DeNA BayStars6 3120242024
Chunichi Dragons 2820072011
Hanshin Tigers 2520232025
Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles 1020132013
Osaka Kintetsu Buffaloes7 042001
Shochiku Robins8 011950
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1The franchise currently known as the Saitama Seibu Lions had a Japan Series record of 3–2 as the Nishitetsu Lions.
2The franchise currently known as the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks had a Japan Series record of 2–8 as the Nankai Hawks, and 2–1 as the Fukuoka Daiei Hawks.
3The franchise currently known as the Orix Buffaloes had a Japan Series record of 3–7 as the Hankyu Braves, and 1–1 as the Orix BlueWave. It took its current name in 2005 after merging with the Osaka Kintetsu Buffaloes.
4The franchise currently known as the Chiba Lotte Marines had a Japan Series record of 1–0 as the Mainichi Orions, 0–1 as the Daimai Orions, and 1–1 as the Lotte Orions.
5The franchise currently known as the Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters had a Japan Series record of 1–0 as the Toei Flyers.
6The franchise has a Japan Series record of 1–0 as Yokohama Baystars and 1–0 as the Taiyō Whales.
7The Osaka Kintetsu Buffaloes were merged with the Orix BlueWave in 2005 to form the Orix Buffaloes.
8The Shochiku Robins were merged with the Taiyō Whales in 1953, eventually becoming the Yokohama DeNA BayStars.

Leagues by number of wins

More information Central League, Pacific League ...
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Managers with multiple championships

Since 1950, fifteen managers have won the Japan Series multiple times. Osamu Mihara (Whales, Lions), Shigeru Mizuhara (Giants, Flyers), and Tatsuro Hirooka (Swallows, Lions) are the only managers to have multiple teams to wins in the Japan Series. In terms of pennants, eight managers have won a league pennant with multiple teams: Katsuya Nomura, Sadaharu Oh, Shigeru Mizuhara, Osamu Mihara, Tatusro Hirooka, Masataka Nashida, Yukio Nishimoto, and Senichi Hoshino. Nishimoto and Hoshino are the only ones to lead three different teams to the Japan Series.

Streaks and droughts

Individual awards

Two individual awards are given out at the conclusion of the Japan Series: the Most Valuable Player Award, given to the most impactful player on the winning team;[citation needed] and the Fighting Spirit Award, given to the most impactful player on the losing team.[5][6] As stated above, the FSA was only given to a player on the winning team once; Kazuhisa Inao won it in 1956, despite being on the winning side, the Nishitetsu Lions.

Six players have won the Japan Series MVP Award and gone on to become a manager in the Japan Series: Hiroki Kokubo, Kimiyasu Kudo, Masaaki Mori, Osamu Higashio, Shigeo Nagashima, and Tetsuharu Kawakami; of those six, five (Kudo, Mori, Nagashima, Kawakami, Kokubo) have won a MVP Award as a player and won a Japan Series as a manager.

Eight players have won both the MVP Award and the Fighting Spirit Award: Hiromichi Ishige, Hiroshi Oshita, Hisashi Yamada, Isao Shibata, Joe Stanka, Kazuhisa Inao, Atsunori Inaba, and Takashi Nishimoto.

Players to have won the Fighting Spirit Award multiple times include: Mitsuhiro Adachi (3), Kazuhiro Kiyohara, Kazuhiro Wada, Kazuhisa Inao, Kenshin Kawakami, and Tokuji Nagaike (2 each).

See also

References

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