Karata-Tukita language
Northeast Caucasian language
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Karata (кӏкӏирлӏи) is an Andic language of the Northeast Caucasian language family spoken in southern Dagestan, Russia by 9,549 Karata in 2020. There are ten towns in which the language is traditionally spoken: Karata, Anchix, Tukita, Rachabalda, Lower Inxelo, Mashtada, Archo, Chabakovo, Racitl, and formerly Siux.[2] Speakers use Avar as their literary language.[3]
| Karata | |
|---|---|
| К̄ӀирлӀе мац̄Ӏи k’ːirƛi mic’ːi | |
| Pronunciation | [k’ːirt͡ɬi mits’ːi] |
| Native to | North Caucasus |
| Region | Southern Dagestan |
| Ethnicity | Karata |
Native speakers | 9,549 (2020 census)[1] |
Northeast Caucasian
| |
| Dialects |
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | kpt |
| Glottolog | kara1474 |
| ELP | Karata |
Karata | |
Karata is classified as Definitely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (2010) | |
Dialects
The language has two dialects, Karata and Tukita, which slightly differ in phonetics and morphology but are mutually intelligible.[4] Tukita is sometimes considered a separate language, on the basis of lexicostatistics.[5][6] There are also four subdialects; Anchikh, Archi, Ratsitl and Rachabalda, named after their respective villages.[4]
Phonology
Consonants
Karata has 45 consonants.[7]
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyn- geal |
Glottal | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| central | lateral | ||||||||||||||
| lenis | fortis | lenis | fortis | lenis | fortis | lenis | fortis | lenis | fortis | ||||||
| Nasal | m | n | |||||||||||||
| Plosive | voiced | b | d | ɡ | |||||||||||
| voiceless | p | t | k | ʔ | |||||||||||
| ejective | (pʼ) | tʼ | kʼ | ||||||||||||
| Affricate | voiced | (d͡ʒ) | |||||||||||||
| voiceless | t͡s | t͡sː | t͡ʃ | t͡ʃː | t͡ɬː | k͡xː | q͡χː | ||||||||
| ejective | t͡sʼ | t͡sʼː | t͡ʃʼ | t͡ʃʼː | t͡ɬʼ | t͡ɬʼː | k͡xʼː | q͡χʼː | |||||||
| Fricative | voiceless | s | sː | ʃ | ʃː | ɬ | ɬː | ç | x | xː | ʜ | h | |||
| voiced | v | z | ʒ | ɣ | ʢ | ||||||||||
| Trill | r | ||||||||||||||
| Approximant | l | j | |||||||||||||
- The glottal stop transcribed here is named rather ambiguously a "glottalic laryngeal" by the source.
Vowels
Karata has 18 vowels.[7]