Omurano language
Endangered language isolate of Peru
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Omurano is a language isolate from Peru.[2] It is also known as Humurana, Roamaina, Numurana, Umurano, and Mayna. The language was presumed to have become extinct by 1958 from a measles epidemic,[3][2] but in 2011 a rememberer was found who knew some 20 words in Omurano; he claimed that there were still people who could speak it.[1] The community has otherwise switched to Urarina, another language isolate.
It was spoken near the Urituyacu River (a tributary of the Marañón River),[4] or on the Nucuray River according to Loukotka (1968).[5]
Classification
Tovar (1961) linked Omurano to Taushiro (and later Taushiro with Kandoshi); Kaufman (1994) finds the links reasonable, and in 2007 he classified Omurano and Taushiro (but not Kandoshi) as Saparo–Yawan languages.
Maynas, once mistaken for a synonym, is a separate language.
Despite there being previous proposals linking Omurano with Zaparoan, de Carvalho (2013) finds no evidence for this.[4]
Language contact
Phonology
Vocabulary
A word list by Tessmann (1930) is the primary source for Omurano lexical data.[7]
Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items.[5]
gloss Omurana one nadzóra two dzoʔóra head na-neyalok eye an-atn woman mparáwan fire íno sun héna star dzuñ maize aíchia house ána white chalama
Comparison
| gloss | Omurano | Taushiro | Urarina | Candoshi | Achuar |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| young man | ɾáwànà | enamanaː | kanugaasi | nátsa | |
| lazy person | t͡ʃàtàné t͡ʃàtánè |
wamiŋkaanuɾi | náki | ||
| scabied person | wìt͡ʃúmà | ʃaapi | mámu | ||
| white person | nàt͡ʃúɾì | nìjí | iŋkɾisa | ìŋkis | |
| old person | bùɾú | jèjú | biːna | weámɾau | |
| water | t͡ʃùá | wéì | akaʉ | kuŋku | júmi |
| manioc beer | t͡ʃùá | ahʲãnehoke | baɽʉe | kapuʂi | hamánt͡ʃ |
| agouti | pùɾìmá | wɨ̀ntɨ́ | mami | punt͡ʃuwa | kãjū́k |
| paca | jàpú | àjáwà | it͡ɕa | maʂaaʂi | káʃai |
| collared peccary | t͡ʃàné | hùjóntò | ubana | kaʂuuma | jaŋkipík |
| white-lipped peccary | àné | tàjá | ɽaːna | waŋkaana | páki |
| dog | màɾàt͡ʃí màɾát͡ʃì |
wànántà | ɽeːmae | tumuuʂi | jãwã́ã |
| spider monkey | bàbàné | àhú | alau | t͡ʃuupa | wáʃi |
| howler monkey | màɾìàbé | wàʔná | ɽuɽu | ʂant͡ʃiiʂi | jakúm |
| woolly monkey | lùné | àhúntù | aɽauata | t͡ʃuɾu | t͡ʃuː |
| deer | àlámàɾé | ùʔwéwì | ukwaːe | mant͡ʃani | hápa |
| tapir | làùtùmé làùtùmá |
xèhí | aɽãla | pamaɾa | pamá |
| curassow | tátànà | éìntì | ataɽi | maʃu | máʃu |
| blue-throated piping guan | nàpít͡ʃù | wàhìnó | kʉeːɽi | wat͡ʃuɾu | kúju |
| Spix's guan | t͡ʃàùɾí | tèntá | enʉɽi | kaɾuntsi | aúnts |
| fish | màmá | éìnà | ate | kajupt͡ʃi | namák |
| manioc | jùné | àhʲã́ | laːnu | kaʂinʂi | máma |
| plantain | pùɾá | àntá | fʷanaɽa | paɾantama | pánːtam |
| ayahuasca | ìjùné | ànùʔwɨ́ | iɲunu kʷ aiɽi |
ʂuɾuupʂi | natém |
| canoe | òpí | tɨ̀nɨ́ntɨ̀ | enanihʲa | kanu | kánu |
| paddle | túnìt͡ʃà | kiha | pitʂi | kawín | |
| blowgun | pìt͡ʃàná | ànètá | hic͡ɕana | ʃuŋkanaaʂi | uːm |
| I (1SG) | nàùɾú | úì | kanʉ | nu, nuwa | wi |
See also
Further reading
- O'Hagan, Zachary J. (2011). Omurano field notes. (Manuscript).
