NGC 4214
Galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
NGC 4214 is a dwarf barred irregular galaxy located around 10 million light-years[2] away in the constellation Canes Venatici. It was discovered on 28 April 1785 by German-British astronomer William Herschel.[3] NGC 4214 is a member of the M94 Group.
| NGC 4214 | |
|---|---|
NGC 4214 in Optical and near-infrared, imaged by Hubble's Wide Field Camera 3 | |
| Observation data (J2000 epoch) | |
| Constellation | Canes Venatici |
| Right ascension | 12h 15m 39.17s[1] |
| Declination | +36° 19′ 36.8″[1] |
| Redshift | 0.000971[1] |
| Heliocentric radial velocity | 291±1 km/s[1] |
| Distance | 9.72 ± 0.82 Mly (2.979 ± 0.252 Mpc)[1] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 10.2[1] |
| Characteristics | |
| Type | IAB(s)m[1] |
| Size | ~31,100 ly (9.53 kpc) (estimated)[1] |
| Apparent size (V) | 8.4′ × 6.6′[1] |
| Other designations | |
| KUG 1213+366, IRAS 12131+3636, NGC 4228, UGC 7278, MCG 6-27-42, PGC 39225, CGCG 187-32[1] | |
Characteristics
NGC 4214 is both larger and brighter than the Small Magellanic Cloud[4] as well as a starburst galaxy, with the largest star-forming regions (NGC 4214-I and NGC 4214-II) in the galaxy's center. Of the two, NGC 4214-I contains a super star cluster rich in Wolf–Rayet stars and NGC 4214-II is younger (age less than 3 million years), including a number of star clusters and stellar associations.[5]
NGC 4214 also has two older super star clusters, both with an age of 200 million years and respective masses of 2.6×105 and 1.5×106 solar masses.[6]
Two satellites are known to exist around the vicinity of NGC 4214. One is DDO 113, which has an absolute V-band magnitude of −12.2. It stopped star formation around 1 billion years ago. Another, more recently discovered object is MADCASH-2, officially named MADCASH J121007+352635-dw. The name refers to the MADCASH (Magellanic Analog Dwarf Companions and Stellar Halos) project. It is similar to typical ultra-faint dwarf galaxies, with an absolute V-band magnitude of −9.15, except in that it shows evidence of multiple episodes of star formation in its recent past: one around 400 million years ago, and another 1.5 billion years ago.[7]
Supernova and luminous blue variable
One supernova has been observed in NGC 4214:
- SN 1954A (Type Ib, mag. 9.8) was discovered by Paul Wild on 30 May 1954.[8] [Note: some sources incorrectly list the discovery date as 10 April 1954.][9]
The galaxy has hosted one luminous blue variable:
- SN 2010U (type LBV, mag. 16) was discovered by Kōichi Itagaki on 5 February 2010.[10][11][12]
See also
- NGC 4236 – a similar irregular galaxy
- List of NGC objects (4001–5000)
