OAS1

2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the OAS1 gene.^[5][6]

PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB

AliasesOAS1, IFI-4, OIAS, OIASI, E18/E16, 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1

External IDsOMIM: 164350; MGI: 2180860; HomoloGene: 1903; GeneCards: OAS1; OMA:OAS1 - orthologs

Chr.Chromosome 12 (human)^[1]

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OAS1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 4IG8
Identifiers
Aliases	OAS1, IFI-4, OIAS, OIASI, E18/E16, 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1
External IDs	OMIM: 164350; MGI: 2180860; HomoloGene: 1903; GeneCards: OAS1; OMA:OAS1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 12 (human)[1] Band 12q24.13 Start 112,905,856 bp[1] End 112,933,219 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 5 (mouse)[2] Band 5 F|5 60.65 cM Start 121,034,319 bp[2] End 121,045,584 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in monocyte mucosa of transverse colon granulocyte rectum mucosa of esophagus mucosa of ileum spleen gallbladder nasal epithelium right lobe of liver Top expressed in granulocyte jejunum ileum colon duodenum placenta yolk sac blastocyst thymus bone marrow More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function transferase activity nucleotide binding nucleotidyltransferase activity metal ion binding protein binding RNA binding double-stranded RNA binding ATP binding 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity Cellular component cytoplasm intracellular membrane-bounded organelle extracellular region endoplasmic reticulum mitochondrion nucleus cytosol nucleoplasm Biological process purine nucleotide biosynthetic process regulation of ribonuclease activity glucose homeostasis interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway immune system process response to virus negative regulation of viral genome replication defense response to virus type I interferon signaling pathway protein complex oligomerization immune response glucose metabolic process cellular response to interferon-alpha innate immune response Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 4938 246730 Ensembl ENSG00000089127 ENSMUSG00000052776 UniProt P00973 P11928 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001032409 NM_002534 NM_016816 NM_001320151 NM_145211 RefSeq (protein) NP_001027581 NP_001307080 NP_002525 NP_058132 NP_660212 Location (UCSC) Chr 12: 112.91 – 112.93 Mb Chr 5: 121.03 – 121.05 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
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This gene encodes a member of the 2-5A synthetase family, which include essential proteins involved in the innate immune response to viral infection.

The encoded protein is induced by interferons and uses adenosine triphosphate in 2'-specific nucleotidyl transfer reactions to synthesize 2',5'-oligoadenylates (2-5As). These molecules activate latent RNase L, which results in both viral and endogenous RNA degradation and the inhibition of viral replication. The three known members of this gene family are located in a cluster on chromosome 12. Hypomorphic mutations in this gene have been associated with host susceptibility to viral infection, while gain-of-function variants can cause autoinflammatory immunodeficiency.^[7] Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described.^[8]