Pachira
Genus of trees
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Pachira is a genus of tropical trees distributed in Central and South America and the Caribbean, ranging from Mexico to Bolivia and southern Brazil.[2] They are classified in the subfamily Bombacoideae of the family Malvaceae. Previously the genus was assigned to Bombacaceae. [3][1] Prior to that the genus was found in the (now obsolete) Sterculiaceae.
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| Pachira | |
|---|---|
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| Pachira aquatica | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malvales |
| Family: | Malvaceae |
| Subfamily: | Bombacoideae |
| Genus: | Pachira Aubl.[1] |
| Species | |
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See text | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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54 species are currently accepted.[2][4] They form small or large trees with digitate leaves, and the fruit an oval woody one-celled capsule opening by a number of divisions and containing many seeds.
History
Although first named Pachira by Jean Baptiste Aublet in 1775. The genus name is derived from a language spoken in Guyana.[5] Carl Linnaeus the Younger unaware of this separately is said to have called the genus Carolinea after Princess (or Marchioness) "Sophia Caroline of Baden" in 1782.[6] [7] [8][9] The principle of precedence gives the authority to Pachira.
The Margrave of Baden, Karl Wilhelm (1709 – 1738) founded the Karlsruhe Palace (Karlsruher Schloß) in 1715. He had a considerable interest in botany, particularly the exotic, and had large numbers of trees imported for the Palace Gardens (Schloßgarten). He was succeeded by his Grandson, Karl Friedrich (1738 - 1811) who married Princess Karoline Luise von Hessen-Darmstadt (1723 - 1783) in 1751. Karoline Luise was a noted botanist. She corresponded with Carl von Linné (Linnaeus), cultivated numerous plants in the palace gardens, had engravings of them made for a book and had them all classified according to Linnaeus' system. Linnaeus' son, Carl Linnaeus the younger, recognised her contributions by naming one of the trees, Pachira aquatica (German: Glückskastanie) Carolinea princeps after her. [10]
Commercial use
Timber, cordage and seeds for stuffing pillows and cushions. [11]
Species
54 species are accepted.[2]
- Pachira amazonica (A.Robyns) W.S.Alverson
- Pachira aquatica Aubl. (syn. P. macrocarpa)
- Pachira aracamuniana (Steyerm.) W.S.Alverson
- Pachira brevipes (A.Robyns) W.S.Alverson
- Pachira calophylla (K.Schum.) Fern.Alonso
- Pachira cearensis (Ducke) Carv.-Sobr. & Dorr
- Pachira condorensis Fern.Alonso & J.E.Guevara
- Pachira coriacea (Mart.) W.S.Alverson
- Pachira cowanii (A.Robyns) W.S.Alverson
- Pachira cubensis (A.Robyns) Fern.Alonso
- Pachira deflexifolia V.N.Yoshik. & M.C.Duarte
- Pachira dolichocalyx A.Robyns
- Pachira duckei (A.Robyns) Fern.Alonso
- Pachira dugandeana (A.Robyns) Fern.Alonso
- Pachira emarginata A. Rich.
- Pachira endecaphylla (Vell.) Carv.-Sobr.
- Pachira faroensis (Ducke) W.S.Alverson
- Pachira flaviflora (Pulle) Fern.Alonso
- Pachira fuscolepidota (Steyerm.) W.S.Alverson
- Pachira glabra Pasq.
- Pachira gracilis (A.Robyns) W.S.Alverson
- Pachira humilis Otto & A.Dietr.
- Pachira inaequalivalvis V.N.Yoshik. & M.C.Duarte
- Pachira insignis (Sw.) Savigny
- Pachira liesneri (Steyerm.) W.S.Alverson
- Pachira macrocalyx (Ducke) Fern.Alonso
- Pachira manausensis (A.Robyns) V.N.Yoshik. & C.D.M.Ferreira
- Pachira mawarinumae (Steyerm.) W.S.Alverson
- Pachira minor (Sims) Otto & A.Dietr.
- Pachira morae Fern.Alonso
- Pachira moreirae Carv.-Sobr. & W.S.Alverson
- Pachira mutisiana Fern.Alonso
- Pachira nervosa (Uittien) Fern.Alonso
- Pachira nitida Kunth
- Pachira nukakica Fern.Alonso
- Pachira obovata (A.Robyns) W.S.Alverson
- Pachira orinocensis (A.Robyns) W.S.Alverson
- Pachira paraensis (Ducke) W.S.Alverson
- Pachira patinoi (Dugand & A.Robyns) Fern.Alonso
- Pachira pseudofaroensis (A.Robyns) W.S.Alverson
- Pachira pulchra Planch. & Linden
- Pachira punga-schunkei Fern.Alonso
- Pachira quinata (Jacq.) W.S.Alverson[12]
- Pachira retusa (Mart.) Fern.Alonso
- Pachira robynsii (Steyerm. & W.D.Stevens) W.S.Alverson
- Pachira rupicola (A.Robyns) W.S.Alverson
- Pachira rurrenabaqueana (Rusby) Fern.Alonso
- Pachira sessilis Benth.
- Pachira sordida (R.E.Schult.) W.S.Alverson
- Pachira speciosa Triana & Planch.
- Pachira subandina (Dugand) Fern.Alonso
- Pachira tepuiensis (Steyerm.) W.S.Alverson
- Pachira tocantina (Ducke) Fern.Alonso
- Pachira trinitensis Urb.
- Pachira yapacanae Steyerm. ex W.S.Alverson
Formerly placed here
- Pseudobombax grandiflorum (Cav.) A.Robyns (as P. cyathophora Casar.)[12]
