Padusan

The term padusan comes from the Javanese word adus, meaning 'to bathe'.^[2]

Padusan is commonly described in the ethnographic literature as a local purification rite that predates, or developed alongside, the Islamization of Java and was later incorporated into local Muslim practices. It is not an Islamic obligation but a cultural ritual with spiritual symbolism.^[3][4]

Padusan usually happens the day before Ramadan starts. People bathe together in natural water, sometimes adding fragrant herbs, or immerse themselves to clean both body and mind.^[5]

People gather at springs, rivers, waterfalls, swimming pools, and community baths, depending on local customs and the availability of water.^[6]

Across Central Java and Yogyakarta, how Padusan is observed often depends on local geography. Residents of Boyolali and Klaten go to mountain springs (umbul),^[7][8] while residents of Jepara and Temanggung go to rivers or public baths.^[9][10] In Yogyakarta, communities of Sleman gather at modern water parks or local fountains, while others head south to the beaches of Bantul and Gunungkidul.^[11]

In recent years, local governments and cultural organizations have begun to organize Padusan events. These gatherings attract visitors who want to witness or take part in the pre-Ramadan festivities.^[12][13]

Padusan functions as both a rite of individual purification and a communal event that reinforces social ties and local identity. In some areas the ritual also contributes to local cultural tourism and heritage programming.^[14]

• Petang Megang - Another spiritual bath prior Ramadan done in Pekanbaru
• Javanese culture
• Ritual purification