Papyrus 23
New Testament manuscript
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Papyrus 23, also known as P. Oxy X 1229, is an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the Epistle of James, surviving in a fragmentary condition containing only James 1:10-12,15-18. It is designated by the siglum 𝔓23 in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it has been assigned to the early 3rd century.[1]
_verso_James_1,_10–12.jpg)
| New Testament manuscript | |
Verso James 1:10–12 | |
| Name | P. Oxy. X 1229 |
|---|---|
| Text | James 1 † |
| Date | 3rd century |
| Script | Greek |
| Found | Egypt |
| Now at | University of Illinois |
| Cite | B. P. Grenfell & A. S. Hunt, Oxyrynchus Papyri X, (London 1914), pp. 16-18 |
| Size | 12.1 x 11.2 cm |
| Type | Alexandrian text-type |
| Category | I |
Description
_recto_James_1,_15-18.jpg)
The Nomina sacra are written fully, abbreviations are used only at the end of lines.[2] There has been noticed the occurrence of the ungrammatical αποσκιασματος found also in Codex Sinaiticus and Vaticanus in James 1:17. It is currently housed in the Spurlock Museum at the University of Illinois (G. P. 1229) in Urbana, Illinois.[3][4][5]
Text
The Greek text of this codex is considered a representative of the Alexandrian text-type (or rather proto-Alexandrian). Biblical scholar Kurt Aland placed it in Category I of his New Testament manuscript classification system.[3] The manuscript displays the greatest textual agreement with codices Sinaticus (א), Alexandrinus, and Ephraemi, which represent the best text of the Catholic epistles, and then with Codex Vaticanus and 𝔓74.[1]
