Phytobia
Genus of flies
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Phytobia is a genus of flies in the family Agromyzidae,[5] with a worldwide distribution principally in Europe and the Americas.[5]
| Phytobia | |
|---|---|
| |
| Phytobia lateralis | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Agromyzidae |
| Subfamily: | Phytomyzinae |
| Genus: | Phytobia Lioy, 1864[1] |
| Type species | |
| Agromyza errans | |
| Synonyms | |
Description
All known larvae of Phytobia feed on the young xylem within stems of woody plants, creating concealed galleries that may reach considerable lengths (reportedly up to 17 m in P. betulae).[6][7] P. betulae lays its eggs on the bark of new-growth twigs of suitable birch trees and, after hatching, larvae tunnel downwards along the shoot within the differentiating xylem layer, sometimes reaching the base of the tree. Adults are small- to medium-sized flies (approximately 5 mm in the case of P. betulae).[6] Confirmed host plant families for Phytobia species include Betulaceae, Fagaceae, Rosaceae, Salicaceae, Sapindaceae, and Cupressaceae in North America, Europe, and Australia, with Asteraceae also hypothesized to be a host family based on the finding of possible larval sign on the shrub Wedelia calycina in Guadeloupe.[6][7] Larval tunnels mar the appearance of certain woods used commercially, and thus may be of economic importance.[7]
Species
- Phytobia aethiops (Walker, 1853)[8]
- Phytobia alocomentula Sasakawa, 1996
- Phytobia amazonica Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
- Phytobia amelanchieris (Greene, 1917)[10]
- Phytobia aucupariae (Kangas, 1949)
- Phytobia betulivora Spencer, 1969[11]
- Phytobia bifida Zlobin, 2002[12]
- Phytobia bifistula Sasakawa, 2004[13]
- Phytobia bimaculata Sasakawa, 2013[14]
- Phytobia bohemica Cerný, 2001
- Phytobia brincki Spencer, 1965[15]
- Phytobia cacaulandia Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
- Phytobia californica Spencer, 1981[16]
- Phytobia cambii (Hendel, 1931)
- Phytobia carbonaria (Zetterstedt, 1848)[17]
- Phytobia caudata Sasakawa, 2013[14]
- Phytobia cerasiferae (Kangas, 1955)
- Phytobia clypeolata Sasakawa, 1996
- Phytobia colorata Spencer, 1977[18]
- Phytobia communis Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
- Phytobia confessa Spencer, 1969[11]
- Phytobia conigera Sasakawa, 2013[14]
- Phytobia correntosana (Malloch, 1934)[19]
- Phytobia coylesi Spencer, 1969[11]
- Phytobia cucullata Sasakawa, 2013[14]
- Phytobia delicata Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
- Phytobia diversata Spencer, 1961[20]
- Phytobia dorsocentralis (Frost, 1936)[21]
- Phytobia ecuadorensis Spencer, 1977[22]
- Phytobia errans (Meigen, 1830)[2]
- Phytobia fausta Spencer, 1977[18]
- Phytobia flavifrontalis Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
- Phytobia flavohumeralis Sehgal, 1968[23]
- Phytobia flavosquamata (Spencer, 1959)[24]
- Phytobia frutescens Sasakawa, 1996
- Phytobia furcata (Sasakawa, 1963)
- Phytobia fusca Sasakawa, 1996
- Phytobia gigas Spencer, 1966[25]
- Phytobia graeca Cerný, 2011[26]
- Phytobia grandissima Singh & Ipe, 1973
- Phytobia guatemalensis Sasakawa, 2005[27]
- Phytobia harai Sasakawa, 1994[28]
- Phytobia hirticula (Sasakawa, 1963)
- Phytobia incerta Spencer, 1963[29]
- Phytobia indecora (Malloch, 1918)[30]
- Phytobia insulana Spencer, 1977[18]
- Phytobia inusitata Spencer, 1966[31]
- Phytobia ipeii Singh & Tandon, 1966
- Phytobia iridis (Hendel, 1927)[32]
- Phytobia kallima Frost, 1936[21]
- Phytobia kuhlmanni Spencer, 1966[33]
- Phytobia lamasi Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
- Phytobia lanei Spencer, 1966[33]
- Phytobia liepae Spencer, 1977[18]
- Phytobia lineata Sasakawa, 1955[34]
- Phytobia longipes Sasakawa, 1988[35]
- Phytobia lunulata Hendel, 1920[36]
- Phytobia luzonensis Sasakawa, 1996
- Phytobia maai (Spencer, 1962)[37]
- Phytobia macalpinei Spencer, 1977[18]
- Phytobia magna (Sasakawa, 1963)
- Phytobia malabarensis Spencer, 1977[18]
- Phytobia mallochi (Hendel, 1924)[38]
- Phytobia manifesta Spencer, 1977[18]
- Phytobia matura Spencer, 1973[39]
- Phytobia megapodema Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
- Phytobia mentula Sasakawa, 1992[40]
- Phytobia millarae Spencer, 1977[41]
- Phytobia monsonensis Sasakawa, 1992[40]
- Phytobia morio (Brischke, 1881)[42]
- Phytobia multisetosa Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
- Phytobia nigeriensis Spencer, 1977
- Phytobia nigrita (Malloch, 1914)[43]
- Phytobia niheii Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
- Phytobia optabilis Spencer, 1977[18]
- Phytobia pallida Spencer, 1986[44]
- Phytobia pansa Sasakawa, 1996
- Phytobia papillata Sasakawa, 2013[14]
- Phytobia paranaensis (Spencer, 1966)[33]
- Phytobia peruensis Spencer, 1977[22]
- Phytobia pipinna Sasakawa, 1992[40]
- Phytobia planipalpis Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
- Phytobia powelli Spencer, 1981[16]
- Phytobia prolata (Sasakawa, 1963)
- Phytobia propincua (Sasakawa, 1963)
- Phytobia pruinosa (Coquillett, 1902)[45]
- Phytobia pruni (Grossenbacher, 1915)
- Phytobia prunivora Spencer, 1981[16]
- Phytobia pseudobetulivora Zlobin, 2008[46]
- Phytobia pyri Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
- Phytobia rabelloi Spencer, 1966[33]
- Phytobia ruandensis (Spencer, 1959)[24]
- Phytobia sasakawai Spencer, 1989[47]
- Phytobia semibifurcata Zlobin, 2002[12]
- Phytobia seticopia (Sasakawa, 1963)
- Phytobia setitibialis Sasakawa, 1992
- Phytobia setosa (Loew, 1869)[48]
- Phytobia shizukoae Spencer, 1965[15]
- Phytobia simpla Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
- Phytobia sinuosa Sasakawa, 2013[14]
- Phytobia spinifera Sousa & Couri, 2017[9]
- Phytobia spinulosa Sasakawa, 1992
- Phytobia subdiversata Sasakawa, 1996
- Phytobia terminalis (Sasakawa, 1963)
- Phytobia torulosa Sasakawa, 2013[14]
- Phytobia triangularis (Sasakawa, 2013)[14]
- Phytobia triplicis Zlobin, 2002[12]
- Phytobia unica Spencer, 1973[39]
- Phytobia vanduzeei Spencer, 1981[16]
- Phytobia vilkamaai Zlobin, 2002[12]
- Phytobia vindhyaensis Singh & Ipe, 1973
- Phytobia waltoni (Malloch, 1913)[49]
- Phytobia xanthophora (Schiner, 1868)[50]
- Phytobia xizangensis (Chen & Wang, 2008)[51]
