Portal:Coffee

The Coffee Portal

Introduction

Coffee is a beverage brewed from roasted, ground coffee beans. Darkly colored, bitter, and slightly acidic, coffee has a stimulating effect on humans, primarily due to its caffeine content, but decaffeinated coffee is also commercially available. There are also various coffee substitutes.

Coffee production begins when the seeds from coffee cherries (the Coffea plant's fruits) are separated to produce unroasted green coffee beans. The "beans" are roasted and then ground into fine particles. Coffee is brewed from the ground roasted beans, which are typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out. It is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. Coffee can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee). Sugar, sugar substitutes, milk, and cream are often added to mask the bitter taste or enhance the flavor.

Though coffee has become a global commodity, it has a long history tied closely to food traditions around the Red Sea. The earliest credible reports of coffee drinking pertain to the plant's use among the Sufis of Yemen (southern Arabia) in the middle of the 15th century. Up to the end of the 17th century, most of the world's coffee was imported from Yemen. But as the beverage gained in popularity, coffee started to be cultivated in Java in the 17th century, as well as in the Americas from the 18th century onward. (Full article...)

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The Highfield Cocoa and Coffee House is a building in Sheffield, England. It was built in 1877 by Frederick Thorpe Mappin, a local businessman, and was intended to provide non-alcoholic entertainment to the working classes. It featured a coffee, tea and cocoa bar, a library, billiards room and skittle alley. The Cocoa and Coffee House closed in 1908 and the building was used to house a confectioner's shop. In the 1950s the structure was acquired by the shopfitters George Barlow & Sons and used as a showroom. The firm installed seven Modernist concrete friezes to the façade in 1967. The firm, which had since become Keetons Property, sought to demolish the building in 2022 to construct a block of flats. The demolition was objected to by Hallamshire Historic Buildings (HHB) and the Victorian Society. (Full article...)

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The following are images from various coffee-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Coffee plantation (from History of coffee)
Image 2Wheel coffee grinder (from Coffee preparation)
Image 3In a pour-over, the water passes through the coffee grounds, gaining soluble compounds to form coffee. Insoluble compounds remain within the coffee filter. (from Coffee preparation)
Image 4A coffee shop at a library in Melbourne (2006) (from Coffee culture)
Image 5Syrian Bedouin from a beehive village in Aleppo, Syria, sipping the traditional murra (bitter) coffee, 1930 (from History of coffee)
Image 6Coffeepot, by French silversmith François-Thomas Germain, 1757, silver with ebony handle, Metropolitan Museum of Art (from History of coffee)
Image 7Moka 2 Cup Coffee Fountain (from Coffee preparation)
Image 8Coffee grinder (from Coffee preparation)
Image 9Pollen grains of Coffee plant (from Coffea)
Image 10Caffè San Marco in Trieste, known for its artists, writers and intellectuals (2014) (from Coffee culture)
Image 11Beans inside a Coffea arabica fruit (from Coffea)
Image 12A coffee bearer, from the Ottoman quarters in Cairo (1857) (from Coffee culture)
Image 13Brasserie Léopold in Aix-en-Provence (from Coffeehouse)
Image 14Coffea arabica beans germinating (from Coffea)
Image 15Caffè Florian in Venice (2015) (from Coffee culture)
Image 16Café Tortoni is a café in Buenos Aires frequented by Jorge Luis Borges among other public figures. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 17Coffee house culture between Vienna and Trieste: the coffee, the newspaper, the glass of water and the marble tabletop (from History of coffee)
Image 18A variation on the moka pot with the upper section formed as a coffee fountain (from Coffee preparation)
Image 19Coffea branches (from Coffea)
Image 20Coffeehouses often sell pastries or other food items. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 21Les Deux Magots in Paris, once a famous haunt of French intellectuals (2006) (from Coffee culture)
Image 22Moka pot (from Coffee preparation)
Image 23The port city Mocha in Yemen 1692. (from History of coffee)
Image 24Filter coffee being brewed (from Coffee preparation)
Image 25A Starbucks coffee shop in Knoxville, Tennessee with a drive-through (from Coffeehouse)
Image 26Coffea fruits, Bali (from Coffea)
Image 27An English café at the close of the 17th century: men hang their hats on pegs and sit at long communal tables strewn with papers and writing implements. Coffee pots are ranged at an open fire, with a hanging cauldron of boiling water. The only woman present is separated in a canopied booth, from which she serves coffee in tall cups. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 28Caffè Florian in Venice (from Coffeehouse)
Image 29Coffea racemosa fruits (from Coffea)
Image 30Rumah Loer, a contemporary-style coffee shop (Indonesian: rumah kopi kekinian) in Palembang, Indonesia (from Coffeehouse)
Image 31Drip coffee maker (from Coffee preparation)
Image 32Home espresso machine with pump (from Coffee preparation)
Image 33Coffeepot (cafetière "campanienne"), part of a service, 1836, hard-paste porcelain, Metropolitan Museum of Art (from History of coffee)
Image 34Family in Söderhamn, Sweden, seated for fika (c. 1916) (from Coffee culture)
Image 35"Discussing the War in a Paris Café", The Illustrated London News, 17 September 1870, during the Franco-Prussian War (from Coffeehouse)
Image 36A Nespresso store in Lugano, Switzerland (from Nespresso)
Image 37Pope Clement VIII: The Pope who popularised coffee in Europe among Christians (from History of coffee)
Image 38A coffee shop in Bacoor, Philippines (from Coffeehouse)
Image 39Centre Place, Melbourne. Australia and New Zealand have competing claims to being the birthplace of the "flat white". (from Coffeehouse)
Image 40Monsooned Malabar arabica, compared with green Yirgachefe beans from Ethiopia (from History of coffee)
Image 41Coffea fruit cross section (from Coffea)
Image 42Single serve Vietnamese drip filter (from Coffee preparation)
Image 43Caffe Reggio on MacDougal Street in Manhattan, founded in 1927 (from Coffeehouse)
Image 44Freshly harvested coffee cherries (from Coffea)
Image 45Nespresso machine containing professional-grade Nespresso pods, incompatible with the regular capsules (from Nespresso)
Image 46A Viennese coffeehouse (2004) (from Coffee culture)
Image 47Dutch coffee-roasting machine, c. 1920 (from Coffee preparation)
Image 48Dutch engraving of Mocha in 1692 (from History of coffee)
Image 49Café Ekberg in Helsinki in 2024 (from Coffeehouse)
Image 50The Federal Coffee Palace, built on Collins Street, Melbourne, in 1888, was the largest and grandest "coffee palace" ever built. It was demolished in 1973. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 51The word for coffee in various European languages (from Coffeehouse)
Image 52Central European Habsburg coffee house culture: news, coffee, the glass of water and the marble table top (2004) (from Coffee culture)
Image 53A pair of the VertuoLine style pods (from Nespresso)
Image 54A 1652 handbill advertising coffee for sale in St. Michael's Alley, London (from History of coffee)
Image 55Ripe Coffea arabica fruits (from Coffea)
Image 56Interior of an espresso bar in Baliwag, Philippines (from Coffeehouse)
Image 57Café Zimmermann, Leipzig (engraving by Johann Georg Schreiber, 1732) (from History of coffee)
Image 58A coffeehouse in Damascus (2003) (from Coffee culture)
Image 5918th century French plan of Mocha, Yemen. The Somali, Jewish and European quarters are located outside the citadel. The Dutch, English, Turkish and French trading posts are inside the city walls. (from History of coffee)
Image 60Coffea arabica flowers (from Coffea)
Image 61Allow cold brew to steep for 8 to 24 hours. (from Coffee preparation)
Image 62A coffeehouse in Cairo, 18th century (from Coffeehouse)
Image 63A coffee can from the first half of the 20th century. From the Museo del Objeto del Objeto collection. (from History of coffee)
Image 64A Viennese café (from Coffeehouse)
Image 65Palestinian women grinding coffee, 1905 (from History of coffee)
Image 66Various grinders for coffee and spices (from Coffee preparation)
Image 67Statue of Fernando Pessoa by Lagoa Henriques, next to the A Brasileira café, in Chiado, Lisbon (from Coffeehouse)
Image 68The Coffee Bearer by John Frederick Lewis (1857) (from History of coffee)
Image 69Cafés in central Tirana (2017) (from Coffee culture)
Image 70A VertuoLine machine and capsules (from Nespresso)
Image 71Coffea flower (from Coffea)
Image 72Home espresso machine without pump (only with steam pressure) (from Coffee preparation)
Image 73German Empot coffee maker (from Coffee preparation)
Image 74The base of a first-generation Nespresso machine capsule holder; as well as the raised squares which controls capsule rupture points, the holes between the squares through which the espresso exits the holder are also visible (from Nespresso)
Image 75A shop specializing in drip coffee in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand (from Coffeehouse)
Image 76A cup of coffee with cheesecake at a cafe in Helsinki, Finland (from Coffee culture)
Image 77The Café de Flore on the Rive Gauche in Paris is one of the oldest coffeehouses in the city. Its famous clientele included writers and philosophers. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 78A pair of Nespresso Magimix M100 machines (from Nespresso)
Image 79Evening Café Culture in Aix-en-Provence (from Coffee culture)
Image 80A Nespresso store at Plaza Indonesia (from Nespresso)
Image 81Commercial espresso machine (from Coffee preparation)
Image 82A traditional aluminium pod (left) and a paper pod (right) compared (from Nespresso)
Image 83Nespresso paper pods (from Nespresso)

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... that Indonesia is the world's fourth largest producer of coffee?

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Cold brew coffee, also called cold water extraction or cold pressing, is a type of coffee prepared by the process of steeping coffee grounds in water at cool temperatures for an extended period. Coarse-ground beans are soaked in water for 12 to 24 hours.

The water is normally kept at room temperature, but chilled water can be used. After the grounds have been steeped, they are filtered out of the water using a paper coffee filter, or a fine metal sieve (e.g. in a French press), or felt. The result is a coffee concentrate that is diluted with water or milk, and is sometimes served hot, but often served chilled, over ice, or blended with ice and other ingredients such as chocolate. (Full article...)

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Coffee bean

Credit: Robert Knapp

A close-up view of roasted Coffee beans

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Did you know (auto-generated)

... that Mammillaria luethyi was not seen for 44 years after being discovered growing in a coffee can on the windowsill of Mrs Crosby's?
... that the city council of Bandung in the Dutch East Indies initially met at the site of a former coffee-packing factory?
... that net-filter coffee is named for its spoon-shaped filter, which resembles a hand net?
... that Indonesian mystic Mbah Suro reportedly consumed only coffee and cigarettes for two years?
... that Steem peanut butter contained as much caffeine per serving as two cups of coffee?
... that Jim Coffeen was the one of the first two quarterbacks for the Green Bay Packers, then served as the team's first public address announcer?
... that Indonesia's current state apparatus minister, Rini Widyantini, was appointed as spokesperson in a coffee morning event?
... that in a copyright infringement case over a coffee-table history of the Grateful Dead, the Second Circuit held that a reuser can still claim fair use despite negotiating with the rights holder?

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Web resources

World Coffee Research – a 501 (c)(5) nonprofit program of the international coffee industry. (Wikipedia article: World Coffee Research)
Coffee Research Foundation – based in Kenya, and founded in 1908
Central Coffee Research Institute – based in Chickmagalur District, India, and founded in 1915