Portal:Coffee

The Coffee Portal

Introduction

Coffee is a beverage brewed from roasted ground coffee beans. Darkly colored and bitter, coffee has a stimulating effect on humans due to its caffeine content, but decaffeinated coffee is also commercially available. There are also various coffee substitutes.

Coffee production begins when the seeds from coffee cherries, the Coffea plant's fruits, are separated to produce unroasted green coffee beans. The "beans" are roasted and then ground into fine particles. Coffee is brewed from the ground roasted beans, which are typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out. It is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. Coffee can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways, e.g., espresso, French press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee. Sugar, sugar substitutes, milk, and cream are often added to mask the bitter taste or enhance the flavor.

Though coffee has become a global commodity, it has a history tied to food traditions around the Red Sea. The earliest reports of coffee drinking pertain to the plant's use among the Sufis of Yemen in southern Arabia in the middle of the 15th century. Up to the end of the 17th century, most of the world's coffee was imported from Yemen. As it gained in popularity, coffee started to be cultivated in Java in the 17th century and the Americas from the 18th century. (Full article...)

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Instant coffee granules

Instant coffee is a beverage derived from brewed coffee beans that enables consumers to quickly prepare hot coffee by adding hot water or milk to coffee solids and then stirring. Instant coffee solids in powdered or crystallized form (also called soluble coffee, coffee crystals, coffee powder, or powdered coffee) refers to dehydrated and packaged solids sold at retail and used to make instant coffee. The product was invented in 1890 in Invercargill, the largest city in Southland, New Zealand. Instant coffee solids are commercially prepared by either freeze-drying or spray drying, after which it can be rehydrated. Instant coffee is also manufactured in a concentrated liquid form as a beverage.

Advantages of instant coffee include speed of preparation (instant coffee dissolves quickly in hot water), lower shipping weight and volume than beans or ground coffee (to prepare the same amount of beverage), and long shelf life—though instant coffee can spoil if not kept dry. Instant coffee also reduces cleanup since there are no coffee grounds, and at least one study has found that it has a lower environmental footprint^[quantify] than drip filter coffee and capsule espresso coffee, on a prepared beverage basis, disregarding quality and appeal of the beverage produced. (Full article...)

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The following are images from various coffee-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Beans inside a Coffea arabica fruit (from Coffea)
Image 2Coffeepot (cafetière "campanienne"), part of a service, 1836, hard-paste porcelain, Metropolitan Museum of Art (from History of coffee)
Image 3Commercial espresso machine (from Coffee preparation)
Image 4Rumah Loer, a contemporary-style coffee shop (Indonesian: rumah kopi kekinian) in Palembang, Indonesia (from Coffeehouse)
Image 5A café in a former church, Kobe, Japan (from Coffeehouse)
Image 6Coffee house culture between Vienna and Trieste: the coffee, the newspaper, the glass of water and the marble tabletop (from History of coffee)
Image 7A shop specializing in drip coffee in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand (from Coffeehouse)
Image 8Palestinian women grinding coffee beans (from Coffeehouse)
Image 9Home espresso machine without pump (only with steam pressure) (from Coffee preparation)
Image 10Palestinian women grinding coffee, 1905 (from History of coffee)
Image 11Caffè San Marco in Trieste, known for its artists, writers and intellectuals (2014) (from Coffee culture)
Image 12Family in Söderhamn, Sweden, seated for fika (c. 1916) (from Coffee culture)
Image 13A coffeehouse in Damascus (2003) (from Coffee culture)
Image 14Evening Café Culture in Aix-en-Provence (from Coffee culture)
Image 15Café Zimmermann, Leipzig (engraving by Johann Georg Schreiber, 1732) (from History of coffee)
Image 16Les Deux Magots in Paris, once a famous haunt of French intellectuals (2006) (from Coffee culture)
Image 1718th century French plan of Mocha, Yemen. The Somali, Jewish and European quarters are located outside the citadel. The Dutch, English, Turkish and French trading posts are inside the city walls. (from History of coffee)
Image 18A Starbucks coffee shop in Knoxville, Tennessee with a drive-through (from Coffeehouse)
Image 19Café Tortoni is a café in Buenos Aires frequented by Jorge Luis Borges among other public figures. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 20Nespresso paper pods (from Nespresso)
Image 21Coffea fruits, Bali (from Coffea)
Image 22A Nespresso store at Plaza Indonesia (from Nespresso)
Image 23Moka 2 Cup Coffee Fountain (from Coffee preparation)
Image 24The Federal Coffee Palace, built on Collins Street, Melbourne, in 1888, was the largest and grandest "coffee palace" ever built. It was demolished in 1973. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 25Coffea racemosa fruits (from Coffea)
Image 26German Empot coffee maker (from Coffee preparation)
Image 27Freshly harvested coffee cherries (from Coffea)
Image 28A coffee can from the first half of the 20th century. From the Museo del Objeto del Objeto collection. (from History of coffee)
Image 29Drip coffee maker (from Coffee preparation)
Image 30The Café de Flore on the Rive Gauche in Paris is one of the oldest coffeehouses in the city. Its famous clientele included writers and philosophers. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 31A 1652 handbill advertising coffee for sale in St. Michael's Alley, London (from History of coffee)
Image 32A North American enjoying his coffee to go, even though he's in Europe (from Coffee culture)
Image 33Moka pot (from Coffee preparation)
Image 34Pollen grains of Coffee plant (from Coffea)
Image 35Nespresso machine containing professional-grade Nespresso pods, incompatible with the regular capsules (from Nespresso)
Image 36A variation on the moka pot with the upper section formed as a coffee fountain (from Coffee preparation)
Image 37Syrian Bedouin from a beehive village in Aleppo, Syria, sipping the traditional murra (bitter) coffee, 1930 (from History of coffee)
Image 38In a pour-over, the water passes through the coffee grounds, gaining soluble compounds to form coffee. Insoluble compounds remain within the coffee filter. (from Coffee preparation)
Image 39A cup of coffee with cheesecake at a cafe in Helsinki, Finland (from Coffee culture)
Image 40A coffee shop in Bacoor, Philippines (from Coffeehouse)
Image 41An English café at the close of the 17th century: men hang their hats on pegs and sit at long communal tables strewn with papers and writing implements. Coffee pots are ranged at an open fire, with a hanging cauldron of boiling water. The only woman present is separated in a canopied booth, from which she serves coffee in tall cups. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 42"Discussing the War in a Paris Café", The Illustrated London News, 17 September 1870, during the Franco-Prussian War (from Coffeehouse)
Image 43The base of a first-generation Nespresso machine capsule holder; as well as the raised squares which controls capsule rupture points, the holes between the squares through which the espresso exits the holder are also visible (from Nespresso)
Image 44A coffee shop at a library in Melbourne (2006) (from Coffee culture)
Image 45Coffee plantation (from History of coffee)
Image 46Interior of an espresso bar in Baliwag, Philippines (from Coffeehouse)
Image 47Café Ekberg in Helsinki in 2024 (from Coffeehouse)
Image 48Wheel coffee grinder (from Coffee preparation)
Image 49A pair of Nespresso Magimix M100 machines (from Nespresso)
Image 50The Coffee Bearer by John Frederick Lewis (1857) (from History of coffee)
Image 51Coffea branches (from Coffea)
Image 52Coffea fruit cross section (from Coffea)
Image 53The port city Mocha in Yemen 1692. (from History of coffee)
Image 54Dutch coffee-roasting machine, c. 1920 (from Coffee preparation)
Image 55Pope Clement VIII, who popularised coffee in Europe among Christians (from History of coffee)
Image 56Home espresso machine with pump (from Coffee preparation)
Image 57The word for coffee in various European languages (from Coffeehouse)
Image 58A coffeehouse in Cairo, 18th century (from Coffeehouse)
Image 59Central European Habsburg coffee house culture: news, coffee, the glass of water and the marble table top (2004) (from Coffee culture)
Image 60Coffee grinder (from Coffee preparation)
Image 61Caffè Florian in Venice (from Coffeehouse)
Image 62A Viennese café (from Coffeehouse)
Image 63Coffea flower (from Coffea)
Image 64Filter coffee being brewed (from Coffee preparation)
Image 65Single serve Vietnamese drip filter (from Coffee preparation)
Image 66Cafés in central Tirana (2017) (from Coffee culture)
Image 67Coffeepot, by French silversmith François-Thomas Germain, 1757, silver with ebony handle, Metropolitan Museum of Art (from History of coffee)
Image 68Various grinders for coffee and spices (from Coffee preparation)
Image 69Coffea arabica beans germinating (from Coffea)
Image 70Caffè Florian in Venice (2015) (from Coffee culture)
Image 71Ripe Coffea arabica fruits (from Coffea)
Image 72A coffee bearer, from the Ottoman quarters in Cairo (1857) (from Coffee culture)
Image 73A pair of the VertuoLine style pods (from Nespresso)
Image 74A traditional aluminium pod (left) and a paper pod (right) compared (from Nespresso)
Image 75Centre Place, Melbourne. Australia and New Zealand have competing claims to being the birthplace of the "flat white". (from Coffeehouse)
Image 76Caffe Reggio on MacDougal Street in Manhattan, founded in 1927 (from Coffeehouse)
Image 77Coffeehouses often sell pastries or other food items. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 78Dutch engraving of Mocha in 1692 (from History of coffee)
Image 79A Viennese coffeehouse (2004) (from Coffee culture)
Image 80A Nespresso store in Lugano, Switzerland (from Nespresso)
Image 81Coffea arabica flowers (from Coffea)
Image 82Statue of Fernando Pessoa by Lagoa Henriques, next to the A Brasileira café, in Chiado, Lisbon (from Coffeehouse)
Image 83A VertuoLine machine and capsules (from Nespresso)
Image 84Monsooned Malabar arabica, compared with green Yirgachefe beans from Ethiopia (from History of coffee)
Image 85Allow cold brew to steep for 8 to 24 hours. (from Coffee preparation)

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... that Hurricane Rick of 1997 caused coffee prices on the Coffee, Sugar and Cocoa Exchange in New York to jump 4.7% because it threatened coffee crops at a time when they were vulnerable to winds blowing them down?

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Caffè corretto (Italian: [kafˈfɛ korˈrɛtto]) is an Italian coffee, consisting of a shot of espresso with a small amount of liquor, usually grappa, and sometimes sambuca or brandy. It is also known (outside Italy) as an espresso corretto. It is ordered as un caffè corretto alla grappa, ... alla sambuca, ... al cognac, or corretto di Spadino, depending on the desired liquor.

A caffè corretto is often prepared by simply adding a few drops of the desired spirit into an espresso shot; however in some cases the alcohol is served in a shot alongside the coffee, allowing the customer to pour the quantity they desire. (Full article...)

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Rüdesheimer Kaffee is an alcoholic coffee drink from Rüdesheim am Rhein in Germany invented in 1957 by the German television chef, It is a popular drink in coffeehouses.

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... that Mammillaria luethyi was not seen for 44 years after being discovered growing in a coffee can on the windowsill of Mrs Crosby's?
... that a Vancouver TV station was intended to stop the "$1,500 cup of coffee"?
... that Edward Lloyd was the namesake of Lloyd's of London but not its founder?
... that freelance journalist Phil Patton's collection of coffee-cup lids was featured in the Cincinnati Art Museum?
... that Jim Coffeen was the one of the first two quarterbacks for the Green Bay Packers, then served as the team's first public address announcer?
... that net-filter coffee is named for its spoon-shaped filter, which resembles a hand net?
... that Indonesian mystic Mbah Suro reportedly consumed only coffee and cigarettes for two years?
... that the anti-Francoist guerrilla Marcelino Massana pranked the Civil Guard captain who was trying to kill him by paying for his coffee?

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Web resources

World Coffee Research – a 501 (c)(5) nonprofit program of the international coffee industry. (Wikipedia article: World Coffee Research)
Coffee Research Foundation – based in Kenya, and founded in 1908
Central Coffee Research Institute – based in Chickmagalur District, India, and founded in 1915