Progress 12
Soviet unmanned Progress cargo spacecraft
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Progress 12 (Russian: Прогресс 12) was a Soviet unmanned Progress cargo spacecraft, which was launched in January 1981 to resupply the Salyut 6 space station.
A Progress 7K-TG spacecraft | |
| Mission type | Salyut 6 resupply |
|---|---|
| COSPAR ID | 1981-007A |
| SATCAT no. | 12152[1] |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | Progress (No.113) |
| Spacecraft type | Progress 7K-TG[2] |
| Manufacturer | NPO Energia |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 24 January 1981, 14:18:02 UTC[1] |
| Rocket | Soyuz-U[2] |
| Launch site | Baikonur, Site 1/5 |
| End of mission | |
| Disposal | Deorbited |
| Decay date | 20 March 1981, 16:59 UTC[3] |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric |
| Regime | Low Earth |
| Perigee altitude | 247 km[3] |
| Apogee altitude | 308 km[3] |
| Inclination | 51.7°[3] |
| Period | 90.0 minutes[3] |
| Epoch | 24 January 1981 |
| Docking with Salyut 6 | |
| Docking port | Aft[3] |
| Docking date | 26 January 1981, 15:56 UTC |
| Undocking date | 19 March 1981, 18:14 UTC |
Spacecraft
Progress 12 was a Progress 7K-TG spacecraft. The twelfth of forty three to be launched, it had the serial number 113.[4][5] The Progress 7K-TG spacecraft was the first generation Progress, derived from the Soyuz 7K-T and intended for uncrewed logistics missions to space stations in support of the Salyut programme. On some missions the spacecraft was also used to adjust the orbit of the space station.[6]
The Progress spacecraft had a dry mass of 6,520 kilograms (14,370 lb), which increased to around 7,020 kilograms (15,480 lb) when fully fuelled. It measured 7.48 metres (24.5 ft) in length, and 2.72 metres (8 ft 11 in) in diameter. Each spacecraft could accommodate up to 2,500 kilograms (5,500 lb) of payload, consisting of dry cargo and propellant. The spacecraft was powered by chemical batteries, and could operate in free flight for up to three days, remaining docked to the station for up to thirty.[6]
Launch
Progress 12 launched on 24 January 1981 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in the Kazakh SSR. It used a Soyuz-U rocket.[2][7]
