Protein BEX2

Protein BEX2 also known as brain-expressed X-linked protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BEX2 gene.^[5][6] It is exclusively expressed in the pancreas, kidney, liver, adrenal gland and testis.^[7] In accordance with cancer stem cell theory, there's is a link between BEX2 and dormant cancer stem cells of many different types of cancer.^[8]

AliasesBEX2, BEX1, DJ79P11.1, brain expressed X-linked 2

External IDsOMIM: 300691; MGI: 1338017; HomoloGene: 135604; GeneCards: BEX2; OMA:BEX2 - orthologs

Chr.X chromosome (human)^[1]

End103,311,007 bp^[1]

Quick facts BEX2, Identifiers ...

BEX2
Identifiers
Aliases	BEX2, BEX1, DJ79P11.1, brain expressed X-linked 2
External IDs	OMIM: 300691; MGI: 1338017; HomoloGene: 135604; GeneCards: BEX2; OMA:BEX2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. X chromosome (human)[1] Band Xq22.2 Start 103,309,346 bp[1] End 103,311,007 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. X chromosome (mouse)[2] Band X F1|X 57.37 cM Start 134,967,313 bp[2] End 134,968,985 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in endothelial cell Brodmann area 23 pons anterior pituitary prefrontal cortex superior vestibular nucleus nucleus accumbens middle temporal gyrus cerebellar vermis Brodmann area 9 Top expressed in arcuate nucleus ventromedial nucleus paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus temporal lobe amygdala dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus lateral septal nucleus anterior amygdaloid area lateral hypothalamus median eminence More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding Cellular component cytoplasm nucleus Biological process regulation of apoptotic process cell cycle regulation of cell cycle apoptotic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 84707 12069 Ensembl ENSG00000133134 ENSMUSG00000042750 UniProt Q9BXY8 Q9WTZ8 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_032621 NM_001168399 NM_001168400 NM_001168401 NM_009749 RefSeq (protein) NP_001161871 NP_001161872 NP_001161873 NP_116010 NP_033879 Location (UCSC) Chr X: 103.31 – 103.31 Mb Chr X: 134.97 – 134.97 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
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The exact role of the protein is controversial however there is research that narrows down its effects. In cholangiocarcinoma stem cells, BEX2 suppresses mitochondrial functions through the TUMF protein and BEX2 is degraded by FEM1B-CUL2 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex.^[9] A link was found between BEX2 and MMP2 in regard to cancer invasion. ^[10] Increase of BEX2 expression caused an increase in stem cell development in the liver but loss of BEX2 caused no noticeable abnormalities. BEX2 expression has also protected cells from apoptosis which can contribute to cancerous growth.^[7]