RTCB
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
RNA 2',3'-cyclic phosphate and 5'-OH ligase is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RTCB gene.[5] It is found in the stress granule of cells.[6]
| RTCB | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Aliases | RTCB, C22orf28, DJ149A16.6, FAAP, HSPC117, RNA 2',3'-cyclic phosphate and 5'-OH ligase | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External IDs | OMIM: 613901; MGI: 106379; HomoloGene: 36344; GeneCards: RTCB; OMA:RTCB - orthologs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Structure
As of June 2019[update], no crystal structure of the human RTCB is known, but homology models built from other RtcB-family ligases are available (Swiss-model: Q9Y3I0). The structure of Pyrococcus horikoshii RtcB, which uses GTP instead of ATP, shows two manganese (Mn2+) cofactors, and a mechanism involving a covalently linked GTP-histidine-RtcB intermediate. The residue involved, H404, is conserved in human RTCB as H428.[7]
Crystal structures of human RTCB in complex with human archease demonstrates that archease is essential for the activation of RTCB.[8]
Function
Protein family
RTCB belongs to the RtcB family of ATP-dependent RNA ligases, named after the eponymous protein in E. coli. The bacterial RtcB acts as a tRNA ligase, rejoining broken stem-loops in case of damage.[9] It is also able to catalyse RNA splicing.[10]
The eukaryotic homologs of RtcB, including the human RTCB protein, participates in the tRNA-splicing ligase complex.[11]
Recently, RTCB was suggested to be involved in splicing DNA transposons in C. elegans and human cells. [12]
