Gamma-synuclein

Gamma-synuclein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SNCG gene.^[5][6][7]

AliasesSNCG, BCSG1, SR, synuclein gamma

External IDsOMIM: 602998; MGI: 1298397; HomoloGene: 2322; GeneCards: SNCG; OMA:SNCG - orthologs

Chr.Chromosome 10 (human)^[1]

End86,963,258 bp^[1]

Quick facts SNCG, Identifiers ...

SNCG
Identifiers
Aliases	SNCG, BCSG1, SR, synuclein gamma
External IDs	OMIM: 602998; MGI: 1298397; HomoloGene: 2322; GeneCards: SNCG; OMA:SNCG - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 10 (human)[1] Band 10q23.2 Start 86,958,599 bp[1] End 86,963,258 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 14 (mouse)[2] Band 14 B|14 20.81 cM Start 34,092,231 bp[2] End 34,096,746 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in right adrenal cortex left adrenal cortex popliteal artery tibial arteries right frontal lobe amygdala anterior cingulate cortex left coronary artery right coronary artery lateral nuclear group of thalamus Top expressed in facial motor nucleus white adipose tissue lactiferous gland spinal ganglia superior cervical ganglion anterior horn of spinal cord neural layer of retina sciatic nerve trigeminal ganglion lumbar spinal ganglion More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding Cellular component cytoplasm microtubule organizing center perinuclear region of cytoplasm axon soma spindle extracellular exosome cytoskeleton Biological process protein secretion adult locomotory behavior regulation of dopamine secretion synapse organization regulation of neurotransmitter secretion chemical synaptic transmission Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 6623 20618 Ensembl ENSG00000173267 ENSMUSG00000023064 UniProt O76070 Q9Z0F7 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_003087 NM_001330120 NM_011430 RefSeq (protein) NP_001317049 NP_003078 NP_035560 Location (UCSC) Chr 10: 86.96 – 86.96 Mb Chr 14: 34.09 – 34.1 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
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Synuclein-gamma is a member of the synuclein family of proteins, which are believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. High levels of SNCG have been identified in advanced breast carcinomas suggesting a correlation between overexpression of SNCG and breast tumor development.^[7] Gamma-synuclein is a synuclein protein found primarily in the peripheral nervous system (in primary sensory neurons, sympathetic neurons, and motor neurons) and retina.^[8] It is also detected in the brain, ovarian tumors, and in the olfactory epithelium. Gamma-synuclein is the least conserved of the synuclein proteins.^[9]

Gamma-Synucleins expression in breast tumors is a marker for tumor progression^[10] as mammalian gamma-synuclein was first identified as breast cancer-specific gene 1 (BCSG1). A change in the expression of gamma-synuclein has been observed in the retina of patients with Alzheimer's disease. The normal cellular function of gamma-synuclein remains unknown.^[8]