Samoyedic peoples
Ethnolinguistic group indigenous to Siberia, Russia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Samoyedic peoples (sometimes Samodeic peoples)[a] are a group of closely related peoples who speak Samoyedic languages, which are part of the Uralic family. They are a linguistic, ethnic, and cultural grouping. The name derives from the obsolete term Samoyed used in the Russian Empire for some of the indigenous peoples of Siberia.
Peoples
Contemporary
| People | Language | Numbers[1] | Most important territory | Other traditional territories |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nenets | Nenets | 45,000 | Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug | Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug |
| Enets | Enets | 200–300 | Krasnoyarsk Krai | |
| Nganasans | Nganasan | 900–1000 | Krasnoyarsk Krai | |
| Selkups | Selkup | 3,700 | Tomsk Oblast | Krasnoyarsk Krai |
| Kamasins | Kamassian (extinct) | 20[2][b] | Krasnoyarsk Krai |
Extinct
Classification
Traditionally, Samoyedic languages and peoples have been divided into two major areal groups: Northern Samoyedic (Nenets, Yurats, Enets, Nganasans), and Southern Samoyedic (Selkups) with a further subgroup of Sayan-Samoyedic (Kamasins, Mators) named after the Sayan Mountains. This classification does not reflect linguistic relations, being purely geographical.
The most numerous of the Samoyedic peoples are the Nenets, who mainly live in two autonomous districts of Russia: Yamalo-Nenetsia and Nenetsia. Some of the Nenets and most of the Enets and Nganasans used to live in the Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District. Most of the Selkups live in Yamalo-Nenetsia, but there is also a significant population in Tomsk Oblast.
Gallery
Historical pictures
Samoyed in summer dress, in 1781, by Johann Gottlieb Georgi
Samoyed in 1781 by Johann Gottlieb Georgi
Habit of a Samoyed woman and child in 1768, by Jean-Baptiste Chappe d'Auteroche[4]
Samoyed winter dress (before 1906)
A reindeer herd in Kolguyev Island in 1895.
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Modern
Yenisei Samoyedes (Enets people) around a campfire (1914)
Nganasans, 1927
Nganasan folkloric group, 2018
Nenets group, 1913
Nenets family
Nenets children, 2016
Northern Selkups, 2012
Kamasin family, 1925
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See also
Notes
- Some ethnologists use the term 'Samodeic peoples' instead of 'Samoyedic', see Balzer, Marjorie (1999). The Tenacity of Ethnicity. Princeton University Press. p. 241. ISBN 978-0-691-00673-4.
- 0,2% of the population of Sayansky District (21 ppl) are declared as Kamasins and their descendants by the district administration in the official tourist guide (2021).
