Scolopendridae
Family of centipedes
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Scolopendridae (or, in older documents, Scolopendridæ),[1] from Ancient Greek σκόλοψ (skólops), meaning "thorn", and ἔντερον (énteron), meaning "earthworm", is a family of large centipedes (class Chilopoda).
| Scolopendridae Temporal range: Early Cretaceous to present | |
|---|---|
| |
| Scolopendra cingulata | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Myriapoda |
| Class: | Chilopoda |
| Order: | Scolopendromorpha |
| Family: | Scolopendridae Newport, 1844 |
| Genera | |
|
See text. | |
Description
Nearly all species in this family have four ocelli (simple eyes) on each side of the head and only 21 pairs of legs, but there are exceptions: two scolopendrid species feature more legs (Scolopendropsis bahiensis, with 21 or 23 leg pairs,[2] and S. duplicata, with 39 or 43 leg pairs),[3] and some scolopendrid species are eyeless and blind (e.g., Cormocephalus sagmus, C. pyropygus, and C. delta).[4][5] Three Asian members of this family, Scolopendra cataracta, Scolopendra paradoxa, and Scolopendra alcyona, are known to show amphibious behaviour.[12] Two other species, Scolopendra hardwickei and Hemiscolopendra marginata, are known to show sexual dimorphism in the composition of their venom.[13][14]
Genera
Subfamily Otostigminae (Kraepelin, 1903)[15][16]
Tribe Otostigmini (Kraeplin, 1903)[17]
- Alipes Imhoff, 1854
- Alluropus Silvestri, 1911
- Digitipes Attems, 1930
- Edentistoma Tömösváry,1882
- Ethmostigmus Pocock, 1898
- Otostigmus Porat, 1876
- Rhysida Wood, 1862
Tribe Sterropristini (Verhoeff, 1937) [18][19]
- Sterropristes Attems, 1934
Subfamily Scolopendrinae (Leach, 1814)[20][15]
- Arthrorhabdus Pocock, 1891 (= Arthrorhabdinus)
- Asanada Meinert, 1885 (= Pseudocryptops)
- Asanadopsis Würmli, 1972
- Campylostigmus Ribaut, 1923
- Notiasemus Koch, 1985
- Procrytops Piton, 1940
- Psiloscolopendra Kraepelin, 1903
- Rhoda Meinert, 1886 (= Pithopus)
- Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758
- Scolopendropsis Brandt, 1841
- Tonkinodentus Schileyko, 1992
The earliest record of this family is †Cratoraricrus, an extinct genus from the Early Cretaceous of the Crato Formation of Brazil.[21]
