Shu-Sin
Sumerian king, 20th-century BC
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Shu-Sin, also Šu-Suen (Akkadian: 𒀭𒋗𒀭𒂗𒍪: DŠuDSîn, after the Moon God Sîn", the "𒀭" being a silent honorific for "Divine", formerly read Gimil-Sin; died c. 2028 BC) was king of Sumer and Akkad, and was the fourth king of the Ur III dynasty. He succeeded Amar-Sin, who might have been his father,[1] and reigned c. 2037 – c. 2028 BC (Middle Chronology).
| Shu-Sin 𒀭𒋗𒀭𒂗𒍪 | |
|---|---|
| King of Sumer and Akkad King of the Four Corners of the World | |
| |
| King of Ur | |
| Reign | c. 2037 – c. 2028 BC |
| Predecessor | Amar-Sin |
| Successor | Ibbi-Sin |
| Died | c. 2028 BC |
| Issue | Ibbi-Sin and 1 daughter |
| Dynasty | 3rd Dynasty of Ur |
Crown Prince
As Crown Prince, Shu-Sin held the position at Der. However, when his father conducted a long military campaign against Huhnuri, Shu-Sin returned to hold Ur.[2]
Reign
Following an open revolt of his Amorite subjects, he directed the construction of a fortified wall between the Euphrates and the Tigris rivers in his fourth year, intending it to hold off any further Amorite attacks. He was succeeded by his son Ibbi-Sin.
An erotic poem addressed to Shu-Sin by a female speaker is preserved in a cuneiform tablet called Istanbul 2461.[3] The poem's speaker expresses her strong desires and longings for the king.[4][5][6]
An inscription states that he gave his daughter in marriage to the ruler of Šimānum "His daughter was given as a bride to Simanum. Simanum, Habura, and the surrounding districts rebelled against the king, they chased his daughter away from her residence." Shu-Sin subsequently conquered Šimānum and restored his daughter there.[7]
Year names of Shu-sin
The year names for the reign of Shu-sin are all known and give an information about the events of his reign. The most important ones are:[8]
1 Year Szu-Sin became king
2 Year Szu-Sin the king of Ur made / caulked the boat of Enki (called the) 'ibex of the abzu'
3 Year Szu-Sin the king of Ur destroyed Simanum
4 Year Szu-Sin the king of Ur built the amurru wall (called) 'muriq-tidnim / holding back the Tidanum'
6 Year Szu-Sin the king of Ur erected a magnificent stele for Enlil and Ninlil
7 Year Szu-Sin, the king of Ur, king of the four quarters, destroyed the land of Zabszali
9 Year Szu-Sin the king of Ur built the temple of Szara in Umma
Artifacts
There is vast number of artifacts with inscriptions in the name of Shu-sin.[9]
Door socket inscribed with the name of Shu-Sin, king of Ur, Ur III. From Mesopotamia, Erbil Civilization Museum.
Inscription with the name of Shu-Sin
Seal of Shu-Sin: "Shu-sin, the Great King, King of Ur, King of the four world quarters..."
Inscribed stone ring of a fountain, in the name of king Shu-Sin. Pergamon Museum.
Inscription of King Shu-Sîn, commemorating the construction of the temple of the god Shara at Umma. Musée national d'histoire et d'art, Luxembourg, Cabinet des Médailles.
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