Siberian dialects
Group of Northern Russian dialects
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Siberian dialects (Russian: сибирские говоры) are a group of Northern Russian dialects under the lexical influence of the Southern Russian dialects and foreign inclusions (primarily Turkic[1] and sometimes Uralic).[2][3] It has been spoken by Siberian old settlers: Siberiaks, Chaldons, Cossacks, Pokhodchans (Kolymchans), Russian Ustians (Indigirshchiks), and Markovites (Anadyrshchiks).
| Siberian dialect | |
|---|---|
| Siberian Siberiak | |
| Сибирской говор Sibirskoj govor | |
| Native to | Russian Federation |
| Region | Siberia |
Indo-European
| |
| Cyrillic | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | None |
From a phonetic and grammatical point of view, Siberian dialects genetically go back to Northern Russian dialects (such as Vologda and Veliky Ustyug dialects) and are characterized by okanye, clear pronunciation of vowels, plosive /g/, absence of /ɕː/ (replaced by long /ʂː/), dropping out vowels (which leads to changes in the adjective declension) and consonants, a variety of pluperfect forms,[4][5] as well as frequent use of postpositive articles,[6][verification needed][7], whose forms depend on the word's gender, number and declension ('мужик-от', 'самосад-отто', 'баба-та', 'руку-ту', 'сусиди-те').
Phonology
- /g/ and /k/ alternation;
- /f/ inclusion (еслиф, ислиф);
- Long /ʂː/ and /ʐː/ (шшука, дожжык);
- Differentation between /t͡s/ and /t͡ʃ/;
- The /st/ and /sʲtʲ/ endings are simplified to /s/ and /sʲ/;
- Vowel contraction (красна девка играт).
Morphology
- Feminine genitive ends with -ы;
- Feminine dative and propositional ends with -е (в грязе);
- Masculine propositional has the same ending as instrumental (в баским доме);
- The чо interrogative pronoun;
- 3rd person verbal ending with non-palatalized -t as in Standard Russian;
- 1st and 2nd verbal conjugation endings are not differentiated in 3rd person plural. Both conjugations utilize –ут/–ют.
Vocabulary
Siberian dialects are characterized by a number of words like шибко ('very'), баской ('beautiful'), дородно ('good'), айда ('let's go'), айдать ('to go', rare), исти ('to eat'), толмачить ('to translate'), вольготно ('freely'), таперича ('now'), робить ('to work'), мультифора ('page protector'), вехотка or рехотка ('bath sponge'), вершить ('to solve'), хорош ('enough'), швыркать ('to drink'), вошкаться ('to fuss'). There are also numerous loanwords of Uralic and Turkic origin. Most of the dialecticisms have died out, though most of the listed words are still present in modern speech in Siberia.