Timeline of Madrid
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Prior to 17th century
- Prehistory: Quaternary period or Lower Paleolithic – First archaeological signs of human occupation
- Roman period: mansion or staging-post (Miacum) established
- 5th century AD – archaeological remains reported in 2007 indicate Visigoth occupation
- 9th century – Muhammad I of Córdoba ordered the construction of an Alcazar
- 1085 – Alfonso VI of León and Castile takes the city in the Reconquista.[1]
- 1339 – Treaty of Madrid secures collaboration between Aragon and Castile
- 1499 –
- Cardinal Cisneros founded the Complutense University.
- Fernando de Rojas publishes La Celestina in Madrid
- 1500 – Printing press in operation.[2]
- 1505 – San Jerónimo el Real built.
- 1526 – Treaty of Madrid signed.
- 1537 – Casa de Cisneros built.
- 1547 – Birth of Miguel de Cervantes, later a Spanish writer.[1]
- 1559 – Convent of Las Descalzas Reales founded.
- 1561
- Court of Philip II moves from Toledo to Madrid.[3]
- Population: 20,000.[citation needed]
- 1562 – Anton van den Wyngaerde draws a Panorama of Madrid.
- 1584 – Bridge of Segovia built.
17th century
- 1601 – Court of Philip III moves from Madrid to Valladolid.
- 1605 – Cervantes' novel Don Quixote published.
- 1606 – Court of Philip III returns to Madrid.
- 1613 – Palace of the Councils built.
- 1616 – Real Monasterio de la Encarnación inaugurated.
- 1619 – Plaza Mayor laid out; Casa de la Panadería built.
- 1633 – Church of San Antonio de los Alemanes built.
- 1636 – Royal Alcazar built.
- 1637 – Buen Retiro Palace built.[1]
- 1643 – Palacio de Santa Cruz built.[citation needed]
- 1644 – Funeral of Isabel de Borbón.[4]
- 1661 – Gazeta de Madrid begins publication.[5]
- 1664 – San Isidro Church built.
- 1672 – Premiere of Guevara–Hidalgo's zarzuela Celos Hacen Estrellas.[6]
18th century
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- 1706 – City occupied by Portuguese.
- 1713 – Royal Spanish Academy founded.[7][1]
- 1714 – Real Biblioteca del Palacio formed.[7]
- 1734 – Royal Alcazar burns down.
- 1737 – Real Colegio de Profesores Boticarios established.
- 1738 – Real Academia de la Historia founded.[7]
- 1743 – Teatro de la Cruz renovated.
- 1751 – Compañía Guipuzcoana de Caracas headquartered in Madrid.[8]
- 1752 – Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando founded.[7][1]
- 1755 – Real Jardín Botánico founded.[9]
- 1756 – Puerta de Recoletos built.
- 1766 – Esquilache Riots.
- 1767 – Buen Retiro Park opens.
- 1774 – Casa de Fieras del Retiro (zoo) opens.
- 1778 – Puerta de Alcalá inaugurated.
- 1782 – Cibeles Fountain built on Plaza de Cibeles.
- 1784 – San Francisco el Grande Basilica built.
- 1790 – Plaza Mayor reconstructed.
- 1798 – Royal Chapel of St. Anthony of La Florida built. Population: 170,000
19th century
- 1808 – Dos de Mayo Uprising.
- 1812 – Wellington takes city from the French.
- 1817 – Moncloa Porcelain Factory in operation.[10]
- 1819 – Museo del Prado established.
- 1830
- Royal Conservatory of Music founded.
- León Gil de Palacio creates a scale model of the city.
- 1831 – Bolsa de Madrid founded.[11]
- 1832 – Lhardy patisserie in business.[12]
- 1835 – Ateneo de Madrid founded.
- 1836
- Biblioteca Nacional established.[7]
- Literary University relocates to Madrid.
- 1840 – Monumento a los Caidos por España inaugurated.
- 1843 – Museo Naval de Madrid inaugurated.[13]
- 1850 – Teatro Real opera house opens.
- 1851 – Estación de Mediodía inaugurated.
- 1856
- Teatro de la Zarzuela opens.
- Escuela Superior de Diplomática (school) founded.
- 1864 – Hotel Paris opens.
- 1866 – Sociedad de Conciertos de Madrid founded.
- 1867 – National Archaeological Museum of Spain established.
- 1868 – City walls dismantled.[14]
- 1869 – Jardín Zoológico established.[15]
- 1874 – Bull ring constructed on Plaza de Toros.[5]
- 1875 – Museo Nacional de Antropología inaugurated.
- 1877 – Population: 397,816.[1]
- 1884 – Cementerio de la Almudena established.
- 1885
- Roman Catholic diocese of Madrid established.[16]
- Theatre of María Guerrero built.
- 1887
- Café Comercial in business.
- Palacio de Cristal built.
- Population: 472,228.[1]
- 1888 – Café Gijón opens.[12]
- 1891 – Bank of Spain Building completed.[1]
- 1892 – Historical American Exposition held.[17]
- 1893 – Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre formed.
- 1900 – Population: 539,835.[18]
20th century
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- 1902 – Real Madrid C.F. (football club) founded.[19]
- 1903 – Madrid Symphony Orchestra formed.
- 1905 – Parque del Oeste inaugurated.
- 1909 – Cibeles Palace built.
- 1910
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales established.
- Residencia de Estudiantes founded.
- 1911
- Cuatro Vientos Airport opens.
- Metropolis Building inaugurated.
- 1912 – Hotel Palace opens.
- 1916 – Market of San Miguel constructed.
- 1919 – Metro begins operating.
- 1920 – Population: 750,896.[20]
- 1922 – Monument to Alfonso XII inaugurated.
- 1923 – Teatro Monumental (theatre) built.
- 1924
- Line 2 (Madrid Metro) begins operating.
- Hotel Florida opens.
- National Museum of Romanticism inaugurated.
- 1925 – Teatro Pavón (theatre) opens.
- 1928 – Catholic Opus Dei founded.
- 1929
- 1930
- Teatro Munoz Seca (theatre) opens.
- Cine Barceló built.[21]
- 1931
- City designated capital of Spanish Republic.
- Madrid-Barajas Airport begins operating.[22]
- Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation (Spain) headquartered in Madrid.[citation needed]
- 1932 – Museo Sorolla and Cine Proyecciones (cinema)[21] inaugurated.
- 1934 – Museum of the Spanish Village formed.
- 1935 – House-Museum of Lope de Vega and Cine Madrid-Paris (cinema)[21] open.
- 1936
- November: Siege of Madrid begins.[23]
- Line 3 (Madrid Metro) begins operating.
- 1939
- March: Siege of Madrid ends; Nationalists in power.[3]
- Capital of Spanish State relocated to Madrid from Burgos.
- 1940
- Spanish National Orchestra founded.
- Population: 1,088,647.[20]
- 1941 – Museum of the Americas founded.
- 1944
- Carabanchel Prison built.
- Museum Cerralbo opens.
- Line 4 (Madrid Metro) begins operating.
- 1946 – Estadio Santiago Bernabéu opens.
- 1949 – Cine Pompeya (cinema) opens.[21]
- 1950 – Lope de Vega Theater opens.
- 1951 – Museum of Lázaro Galdiano opens.
- 1954 – Cine Benlliure (cinema) opens.[21]
- 1956 – Real Madrid wins first European Cup.[19]
- 1960 – Population: 2,259,931.[20]
- 1965 – RTVE Symphony Orchestra formed.
- 1966 – Estadio Vicente Calderón opens.
- 1967 – City flag design adopted.
- 1968
- Autonomous University of Madrid established.
- Line 5 (Madrid Metro) begins operating.
- 1969 – Comillas Pontifical University relocates to Madrid.
- 1970 – Population: 3,146,071.[20]
- 1971 – Technical University of Madrid formed.
- 1972
- Zoo Aquarium built.
- Temple of Debod installed.
- 1973 – Operación Ogro.
- 1974 – Line 7 (Madrid Metro) begins operating.
- 1975 – Dictator Francisco Franco dies in Madrid. Spanish transition to democracy begins.
- 1976 – Torres de Colón built.
- 1977 – Massacre of Atocha.
- 1978
- Sabatini Gardens open.
- Centro Dramático Nacional created.
- 1979
- Enrique Tierno Galván becomes the first mayor of Madrid elected after the restoration of democracy in Spain.
- Line 6 (Madrid Metro) begins operating.
- Windsor Tower built.
- 1980
- La Movida Madrileña begins.[24]
- Line 9 (Madrid Metro) begins operating.
- 1981
- An attempted coup d'état takes place in the Congress of Deputies on 23 February.
- Museo de Aeronáutica y Astronáutica founded.
- 1982 – City hosts part of the matches of the 1982 FIFA World Cup, including the final, won by Italy.[19]
- 1983
- November: Avianca Flight 011 accident.
- December: Alcalá 20 nightclub fire.
- 1984 – Queen Sofía Chamber Orchestra formed.
- 1987 – Community of Madrid Orchestra founded.
- 1988 – National Auditorium of Music inaugurated.
- 1989 – El Mundo begins publication.
- 1990 – Editorial Verbum in business.
- 1991
- City hosts Israeli–Palestinian peace conference.
- Population: 2,984,576.[20]
- 1992
- Madrid–Seville high-speed rail line and Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum open.
- Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía and Juan Carlos I Park established.
- 1993 – Almudena Cathedral consecrated.[25]
- 1994 – Festimad music festival begins.
- 1996 – Gate of Europe and Islamic Cultural Center of Madrid built.[26]
- 1997 – Teatro Real reopens.
- 1998 – Line 8 (Madrid Metro) and Line 11 (Madrid Metro) begin operating.
21st century
- 2001 – City named World Book Capital by UNESCO.
- 2002 – Madrid Arena opens.
- 2003
- Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón becomes the new mayor, succeeding José María Álvarez del Manzano.
- Manzanares Park inaugurated.
- Line 12 (Madrid Metro) begins operating.
- 2004
- March: Train bombings.[27]
- Museo del Traje established.[28]
- 2005
- Windsor Tower suffers a major fire and becomes demolished afterwards.
- June: Demonstration against ETA.[29]
- Madrid–Toledo high-speed rail line begins operating.
- Forest of Remembrance dedicated.
- Madrid Ballet established.
- 2006
- Art Madrid contemporary art fair begins.
- Teatro Valle-Inclán opens.
- December: Madrid-Barajas Airport bombing.[27]
- 2007 – Metro Ligero begins operating.
- 2008
- Madrid–Barcelona high-speed rail line begins operating.
- Spanair Flight 5022 crash.
- Caixa Forum opens.
- Torre PwC, Torre Caja Madrid, Torre de Cristal, and Torre Espacio built.
- Saturday Night Fiber music festival held.
- 2009 – Population: 3,264,497.[30]
- 2011
- 15-M Movement protests.
- Parque Madrid Río inaugurated.[31][32]
- Ana Botella becomes the new City Mayor after Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón resigns.[33]
- 2012
- May: Economic protest.[34]
- November: Anti-austerity protests.[35]
- 2013 – September: 4th bid for the Summer Olympic Games fails.
- 2014 – After the death of former prime minister Adolfo Suárez, Madrid–Barajas Airport is renamed to Adolfo Suárez Madrid–Barajas.[22]
- 2015
- March: Parque Felipe VI inaugurated.[36]
- May: City Council election held; Manuela Carmena elected mayor.
- 2019
- June: José Luis Martínez-Almeida elected mayor.[37]
- 2021
- January: Storm Filomena covers Madrid with snow, in a historic snowfall.
- January: an explosion in a building kills 4 people and wounds 10 other.
- 2024
- November: Madrid hosts the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2024, won by Andria Putkaradze from Georgia with the song To My Mom.
Evolution of the Madrid map
17th century
~1622-1635
1656
_Madrid.png)
18th century
1705-1706
1730
1762
1769
1785
19th century
~1813
1831
1848
1859
1866
1879
1879
1890
1900
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20th century
1929
1975
1982
1992
2000
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21st century
2012 (includes metropolitan area)
2015
