Trigona

Trigona species occur throughout the Neotropical region, including South and Central America, the Mexican lowlands, and the Caribbean islands. They can occur in forests, savannas, and man made environments. Trigona bees are active all year round, although they are less active in cool environments.^[2]

Trigona nests are constructed from wax they produce and plant resins they collect. They usually nest in tree cavities and underground.^[1][2][3]

Vulture bees comprise three Trigona species, and are the only bees known to be scavengers. These bees collect and feed on dead animal flesh.^[4]

Some species of Trigona bees use saliva to lay scent trails guiding nest mates to a food source.^[5] Some species of Trigona use eavesdropping which help them detect food sources being exploited by competitors.^[6]

• Trigona branneri—Mato Grosso (Brazil)^[7]
• Trigona chanchamayoensis—Mato Grosso (Brazil)^[7]
• Trigona cilipes—Americas
• Trigona corvina - Central and South America^[8]
• Trigona crassipes (Fabricius, 1793)
• Trigona ferricauda—Americas
• Trigona fulviventris—Mexico to Colombia
• Trigona fuscipennis—Mexico to Brasil.^[9]
• Trigona hyalinata—Mato Grosso (Brazil)^[7]
• Trigona hypogea (Silvestri, 1902)
• Trigona necrophaga (Camargo & Roubik, 1991)
• Trigona nigerrima—Americas (Mexico, Costa Rica)
• Trigona nigra—Mexico
• Trigona pallens—Americas
• Trigona recursa—Mato Grosso (Brazil)^[7][9]
• Trigona silvestriana—Americas (Costa Rica)
• Trigona spinipes—arapuá (Brazil)^[10]