Yanghugou Formation
Geologic formation in China
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Yanghugou Formation, also known as the Tupo Formation, is a mid-late Carboniferous formation from China.[1] It contains the Xiaheyan locality, a lagerstätte preserving numerous insects.
| Yanghugou Formation | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: Westphalian | |
| Type | Geological formation |
| Underlies | Taiyuan Formation |
| Overlies | Jingyuan Formation |
| Location | |
| Region | Ningxia |
| Country | China |
Paleobiota
After Wang et al. (2022)[2]
Arthropods
| Arthropods | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Higher taxon | Notes | Images | |
| Aseripterella | A. sinensis | Erasipteridae | Name is an anagram of Erasipterella's[3] | ||
| Brodioptera | B. sinensis | Brodiopteridae (Megasecoptera) | Known from several specimens, including some likely freshly-emerged imagoes/subimagoes,[4] alongside likely having sensory setae on its wings[5] | ||
| Chenxiella | C. liuae | Archaeorthoptera | Similar to “lobeattids”, specifically Sinopteron[6] | ||
| Ctenoptilus | C. frequens | Ctenoptilidae (Archaeorthoptera) | Likely omnivorous and laid its eggs in the ground, based on mandible and ovipositor anatomy[7] | ||
| Dictyoptera indet. | Unapplicable | Polyneoptera | Contains three unnamed “roachoid” species, which are distinct from the two named species but have too little material to be named themselves[8] | ||
| Erasipterella | E. jini | Erasipteridae | Synonymous with the genus “Sinierasiptera”[3] |  | |
| Gulou | G. carpenteri | Plecoptera | Earliest known stonefly fossil[9] |  | |
| Haidilaozhen | H. cuiae | Haidilaozhenidae (Odonatoptera) | Convergently evolved wings similar to damselflies[10] | ||
| Heterologus | H. duyiwuer | Archaeorthoptera[11] | |||
| Kinklidoblatta | K. youhei | Dictyoptera incertae sedis | Indeterminate family[8] | ||
| Longzhua | L. loculata | Archaeorthoptera | Carnivorous and predatory, likely related to cnemidolestodeans[12] | ||
| Miamia | M. maimai | Archaeorthoptera | Species name is both an anagram of the genus and translated to “buried veins”[13] | .jpg) | |
| Namuroningxia | N. elegans | Namuroningxiidae (Palaeodictyoptera) | Wing venation resembles several distinct clades of palaeopteran insects[14] | ||
| Namuroptera | N. minuta | Aykhalidae (Megasecoptera) | Relatively small[15] | ||
| Oligotypus | O. huangheensis | Paralogidae | Synonymous with the monotypic genus “Sinomeganeura”[3] |  | |
| Phtanomiamia | P. gui | Archaeorthoptera | Similar to Miamia[16] | ||
| Protomiamia | P. yangi | Archaeorthoptera | Similar to “lobeattids”, male is smaller than the female[17] | ||
| Qilianiblatta | Q. namuriensis | Phylloblattidae? (Eoblattodea) | Earliest known dictyopteran[18] | ||
| Shenzhousia | S. qilianshanensis | Meganeuridae | A griffinfly with single wing length about 16 cm[3] | ||
| Sinodiapha | S. ramosa | Sinodiaphidae (Megasecopteromorpha) | An unusual transitional form between Megasecoptera and Diaphanopterodea[19] | ||
| Sinodunbaria | S. jarmilae | Spilapteridae | Known from a nearly complete fossil, has dark wings with light banding[20] | ||
| Sinoerasipteron | S. xiaheyanensis | Erasipteridae | Known from a partial forewing[21] | ||
| Sinogerarus | S. pectinatus | Archaeorthoptera | Similar to Gerarus, but only known from a partial forewing[22] | ||
| Sinonamuropteris | S. ningxianensis | Grylloblattodea | Synonymised with several other species and three separate genera[23] | ||
| Sinopalaeopteryx | S. olivieri, S. splendens | Aykhalidae (Megasecoptera)[15] | |||
| Sinopteron | S. huangheense | Archaeorthoptera | Higher clade within Archaeorthoptera indeterminate[14] | ||
| Sylphalula | S. laliquei | Erasipteridae | Known from a poorly preserved specimen, but has unusually few wing veins and is quite small[3] | ||
| Tupus | T. orientalis | Meganeuridae | Formerly included in its own genus, “Paragilsonia”[3] |  | |
| Tytthospilaptera | T. wangae | Spilapteridae | Smallest palaeodictyopteran known, with a wingspan of around 2 cm[24] | ||
| Xiaheyanella | X. orta | Calvertiellidae (Palaeodictyoptera) | Earliest calvertiellid, yet still has some of their derived wing venation characters[25] | ||
| Xixia | X. huban | Cnemidolestodea (Archaeorthoptera) | Has an unusual pattern of dark patches on its wings[26] | ||
| Carbolohmannia | C. maimaiphilus | Mixonomata (Oribatida) | Earliest phoretic mite known, phoretic on the insect Miamia maimai[27] | ||
| Laevitealliocaris | L. xiaheyanensis | Tealliocarididae (Pygocephalomorpha) | First tealliocaridid from outside Europe or America[28] |  | |
Other Organisms
| Other Organisms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Higher taxon | Notes | Images | |
| Huanghelepis | H. pani | Palaeonisciformes | |||
| Ningxiaplatysomus | N. parvus[29] | Platysomiformes (Actinopterygii) | |||
| Zhongweilepis | Z. macilentus | Palaeonisciformes | Resembles both Chondrostei and Holostei[30] | ||
| Nudasporestrobus | N. ningxicus | Lepidodendrales | Likely a Sigillaria cone[31] |  | |