Wikipedia:Verification methods

This is some material.<ref>This tells exactly where this material came from.</ref>

This material comes from a book.<ref>{{cite book
  | last=Doe | first=John | authorlink=John Doe
  | year=1993
  | title=Book of Facts
  | publisher=Great Books
  | isbn=9780123456878}}</ref>

This is more material that comes from a different book.<ref name=Doe2003>{{cite book
  | last=Doe | first=Jane | authorlink=Jane Doe
  | year=2003
  | title=More Facts
  | publisher=Better Books
  | isbn=9780123456878}}</ref>

This is more material that comes from the second book.<ref name=Doe2003/>

This is a point that needs clarification.<ref>This footnote clarifies the point above.</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

This is some material.<ref>This tells exactly where this material came from.</ref>

This material comes from a book.<ref name=Doe1995/>

This is more material that comes from a different book.<ref name=Doe2005/>

This is more material from the second book.<ref name=Doe2005/>

This is a point that needs clarification.<ref>This footnote clarifies the point above.</ref>

== References ==
<references>
<ref name=Doe1995>{{cite book
  | last=Doe | first=John | authorlink=John Doe
  | year=1995
  | title=Book of Facts
  | publisher=Great Books
  | isbn=9780123456878}}</ref>
<ref name=Doe2005>{{cite book
  | last=Doe | first=Jane | authorlink=Jane Doe
  | year=2005
  | title=More Facts
  | publisher=Better Books
  | isbn=9780123456878}}</ref>
</references>

This is some material.{{ref|1}}

This material comes from a book.{{ref|2}}

This is more material that comes from a different book.{{ref|3}}

This is more material from the second book.{{ref|4}}

This is a point that needs clarification.{{ref|5}}

==References==

# {{note|1}}This tells exactly where this material came from.
# {{note|2}}[[John Doe|Doe, John]] (1998), ''Book of Facts'', Great Books, ISBN 9780123456878
# {{note|3}}{{note|4}}[[Jane Doe|Doe, Jane]] (2008), ''More Facts'', Better Books, ISBN 9780123456878
# {{note|5}}This is a footnote that clarifies the point above.
</pre>
|}

== Parenthetical references ==
{{Main|Wikipedia:Parenthetical referencing}}

Harvard references and author-date referencing, which are both ''parenthetical referencing'', are commonplace in academic writing. See [[Wikipedia:Author-date referencing]] for more information on using Harvard references.

Articles using Harvard references: [[Actuary]]

Note that this example uses the templates {{tl|Harv}} and {{tl|Citation}} to create a link from the citation and to the full reference.

{{anchor|Example 7}}
=== Example 7 ===
{| class=wikitable
|- valign="top"
| '''Article'''
| This material comes from a book {{Harv|Doe|1997|p=23}}.

This is more material from that book {{Harv|Doe|1997|pp=431–437}}.

This material comes from a different book {{Harv|Doe|2007|p=24}}.

This is a point that needs clarification.<ref>This footnote clarifies the point above.</ref>

{{Fake heading|Notes}}
<references/>

{{Fake heading|References}}
* {{Citation
  | last=Doe | first=John | authorlink=John Doe
  | year=1997
  | title=Book of Facts
  | publisher=Great Books
  | isbn=9780123456878}}
* {{Citation
  | last=Doe | first=Jane  | authorlink=Jane Doe
  | year=2007
  | title=More Facts
  | publisher=Better Books
  | isbn=9780123456878}}

|- valign="top"
| '''Wikitext'''
| <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">This material comes from a book {{Harv|Doe|1997|p=23}}.

This is more material from that book {{Harv|Doe|1997|pp=431-437}}.

This material comes from a different book {{Harv|Doe|2007|p=24}}.

This is a point that needs clarification.<ref>This footnote clarifies the point above.</ref>

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
* {{Citation
  | last=Doe | first=John | authorlink=John Doe
  | year=1997
  | title=Book of Facts
  | publisher=Great Books
  | isbn=9780123456878}}
* {{Citation
  | last=Doe | first=Jane  | authorlink=Jane Doe
  | year=2007
  | title=More Facts
  | publisher=Better Books
  | isbn=9780123456878}}

This material comes from a book.<ref>{{Harvnb|Doe|1999|p=23}}</ref>

This is more material from that book.<ref>{{Harvnb|Doe|1999|pp=431-437}}</ref>

This material comes from a different book.<ref name=Doe2009p24>{{Harvnb|Doe|2009|p=24}}</ref>

This material comes from the same page of the second book.<ref name=Doe2009p24/>

This is a point that needs clarification.<ref>This footnote clarifies the point above.</ref>


== Notes ==
<references/>

== References ==
* {{Citation
  | last=Doe | first=John | authorlink=John Doe
  | year=1999
  | title=Book of Facts
  | publisher=Great Books
  | isbn=9780123456878}}
* {{Citation
  | last=Doe | first=Jane  | authorlink=Jane Doe
  | year=2009
  | title=More Facts
  | publisher=Better Books
  | isbn=9780123456878}}

This material comes from a book.{{sfn|Doe|2000|p=23}}

This is more material from that book.{{sfn|Doe|2000|pp=431-437}}

This material comes from a different book.{{sfn|Doe|2010|p=24}}

This material comes from the same page of the second book.{{sfn|Doe|2010|p=24}}

This is a point that needs clarification.<ref>This footnote clarifies the point above.

This is material that comes from a book.<ref>{{Citation| last=Doe | first=John | 
authorlink=John Doe | year=1996 | title=Book of Facts | publisher=Great Books | 
isbn=9780123456878}}</ref>

This more material that comes from a different book.<ref>{{Citation| last=Doe | first=Jane | 
authorlink=Jane Doe | year=2010 | title=More Facts | publisher=Better Books | 
isbn=9780123456878}}</ref>

This is a point that needs clarification.<ref group=lower-alpha>This is a footnote that clarifies the point above.</ref>

This is another point that needs clarification.<ref group=lower-alpha>This is another footnote</ref>

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}

==References==
{{reflist}}