XPA
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
DNA repair protein complementing XP-A cells (or XPA) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the XPA gene.[4]
Function
Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is a major pathway for repairing a variety of bulky DNA damages including those introduced by UV irradiation. The XPA protein appears to play a key role in NER at sites of damage as a scaffold for other repair proteins in order to ensure that the damages are appropriately excised.[5]
XPA binds with affinity to irradiated DNA, those with "bulky adducts and cisplatin lesions, and DNA duplexes with loops and bulges.[6]
Among the repair proteins with which XPA interacts is a protein complex (including the ERCC1 protein) that is capable of incising DNA at sites of damage.[7]
Xpa mutant individuals often show the severe clinical symptoms of xeroderma pigmentosum, a condition involving extreme sensitivity to sunlight and a high incidence of skin cancer.
Interactions
XPA has been shown to interact with ERCC1,[7][8] Replication protein A1[9] and XAB2.[10]
XPA4-97, the N-terminus, has binding regions for Replication protein A 34 and ERCC1. The C-terminal domain XPA226-273 and Transcription factor II H interact. The DNA-binding domain is found in the central domain (XPA98-219).[6]