Yasa language
Bantu language spoken in Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Iyasa (Yasa, Yassa) is a Bantu language spoken in Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea by the Iyasa and Ndowe coastal fishing peoples. It is also spoken by Pygmies, perhaps Babongo, in Gabon. Approximately 3,000 people speak Iyasa,[3] though some note that this number may be an overestimation.[4]
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
| Iyasa | |
|---|---|
| Bongwe | |
| Native to | Cameroon Equatorial Guinea Gabon |
| Ethnicity | Yasa and Pygmies[1] |
Native speakers | (2,400 in Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea cited 2000–2011)[1] unknown number in Gabon[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | yko |
| Glottolog | yasa1242 |
A.33a[2] | |
| ELP | Iyasa |
Yasa is classified as Definitely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger. | |
Iyasa also goes by the names Bongwe, Lyaasa, and Maasa. Dialects are Bweko, Vendo, Bodele, Marry, One, Asonga, Bomui, Mogana, Mooma, Mapanga. It may in turn be a dialect of Kombe. Speakers report that Kombe and Iyasa are almost perfectly mutually intelligible.[5]
Classification
Dieu and Renaud (1993) classify Iyasa as a Sawabantu language (A.30 in Guthrie classification).[6]
Geographic Distribution
Phonology
Grammar
Noun classes
Iyasa has 12 noun classes, as outlined in the table below (adapted from Bôt 2011 and Bouh Ma Sitna 2004):[7][5]
| Class number | Prefix | Allomorphs | Example (IPA) | Translation (French) | Translation (English) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mù- | mʷ- | mù-tʃɛ́tʃɛ́
mw-ánà |
le bébé
l'enfant |
baby
child |
| 2 | wà- | w- | wà-dó | les femmes | women |
| 3 | mò- | m-, mʷ-, ŋ- | mò-ló
ŋ-kɔ́jɛ́ |
la fête
le pannier |
party
basket |
| 4 | mè- | m-, mʲ- | mè-kɔ | les panniers | baskets |
| 5 | ɗì- | ɗ-, i-, dʒ- | ɗì-lɔ̂
ì-dàkà |
l'oreille
la maladie |
ear
illness |
| 6 | mà- | m- | mà-lɔ̂ | les oreilles | ears |
| 7 | è- | èj- | è-lɛ́mi | la langue | tongue |
| 8 | ɓè- | ɓèj- | ɓè-kòndà
ɓèj-ìmà |
les souliers
les choses |
shoes
things |
| 9/10 | N- | m-, n-, ŋ-, ɲ-, ø | m-bàdì
n-dómì ø-sɔ̀kù |
maison(s)
père(s) éléphant(s) |
house(s)
father(s) elephant(s) |
| 13 | lì- | l- | lì-ɲɔ̀ní
l-éjì |
les oiseaux
les soleils |
birds
suns |
| 14 | ɓù- | ɓʷ- | ɓù-dù
bʷ-àló |
l'âne
la pirogue |
donkey
canoe |
| 19 | vi- | v- | vì-ɲɔ̀ní | l'oiseau | bird |