'Ala al-Din al-Khazin
14th century Sunni exegete and hadith scholar
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Ê¿AlÄʾ al-DÄ«n Ê¿AlÄ« ibn Muḥammad al-BaghdÄdÄ« (Arabic: عÙاء اÙدÙ٠عÙ٠ب٠٠Ø٠د اÙبغدادÙ), widely known as Ê¿AlÄʾ al-DÄ«n al-KhÄzin (Arabic: عÙاء اÙدÙ٠اÙخازÙ), was a distinguished muḥaddith (scholar of ḥadÄ«th), mufassir (QurʾÄnic exegete), muʾarrikh (historian), and sufi.[3] He is best known for his tafsir, LubÄb al-taʾwÄ«l fÄ« maÊ¿ÄnÄ« al-tanzÄ«l.[4]
AlÄʾ al-DÄ«n al-KhÄzin | |
|---|---|
عÙاء اÙدÙ٠اÙخاز٠| |
| Title | Ê¿AlÄʾ al-DÄ«n Al-ḤÄfiẠ|
| Personal life | |
| Born | 1279 |
| Died | 1341 (aged 61â62) |
| Era | Mamluk period |
| Region | Levant |
| Main interest(s) | Hadith, Tafsir, Islamic jurisprudence, History, Tasawwuf |
| Notable work(s) | Tafsir al-Khazin |
| Occupation | Scholar, Traditionist, Exegete, Jurist, Historian, Sufi, |
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| Jurisprudence | Shafi'i[1] |
| Creed | Ash'ari[2] |
| Muslim leader | |
Influenced by | |
Life
He was born in Baghdad into a family originally from Halab (Aleppo), twenty-two years after the Mongol destruction of Baghdad and two decades after the Mamluk victory at the battle of Battle of Ain Jalut. Thus, al-KhÄzin's birth coincided with the Mamluk's dominance over the Islamic world, with Egypt as their political center.[5]
His early education took place in Baghdad, where he learned QurʾÄnic recitation and memorization, alongside studies in Arabic grammar. He later dedicated himself to hadith studies under prominent scholars such as Ê¿AlÄ« ibn al-DawÄlÄ«bÄ« (d. 728/1328). Moving from one Halaqa (study circle) to another, he absorbed knowledge from numerous teachers before relocating to Damascus, where he pursued his studies more intensively. Among his teachers there was Sitt al-WuzarÄʾ bint Ê¿Umar (d. 716/1316), a respected ḤanbalÄ« scholar and the daughter of a renowned jurist. He also studied under BahÄʾ al-DÄ«n al-QÄsim ibn al-Muáºaffar (d. 723/1323), a learned scholar known for his extensive education, and later travelled to Halab for further study.[5][6]
In Damascus, al-KhÄzin frequented various madrasahs, mosques, and khÄnqÄhs, particularly the KhÄnqÄh al-SumaysÄá¹iyyah, where he spent significant time in its library. His close association with this institution eventually earned him the title al-KhÄzin (âthe librarianâ). During this period, he authored numerous works across different disciplines and shared his writings with his students. Al-KhÄzin died in Aleppo at the end of the month of Rajab in the year 741 (19 January 1341) and was buried in the Sufis cemetery.[3]
Works
Al-KhÄzin wrote on a range of subjects, including ḥadÄ«th, tafsÄ«r, and sÄ«rah of the Prophet. However, only his works on tafsÄ«r and sÄ«rah have been published. Some of his known writings include:[7]
- LubÄb al-taʾwÄ«l fÄ« maÊ¿ÄnÄ« al-tanzÄ«l â A commentary on the Qur'an (tafsÄ«r).
- MaqbÅ«l al-manqÅ«l â It is a ten-volume collection on ḥadÄ«th. In this work, al-KhÄzin gathered the traditions found in Musnad al-ShÄfiÊ¿Ä«, Musnad Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal, the Kutub al-Sittah, al-Muwaá¹á¹aʾ, and Sunan al-DÄraqutnÄ«, arranging them systematically chapter by chapter.
- Al-RawḠwa al-ḥadÄʾiq fÄ« tahdhÄ«b sÄ«rat khayr al-khalÄʾiq â A treatise on the life of the Prophet (sÄ«rah).
