'Ilm al-huruf
Arabic numerological process
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ê¿Ilm al-ḤurÅ«f (Arabic: عÙÙÙ٠اÙÙØÙرÙÙÙ) or the science of letters, also called Islamic letterism, is a process of Arabic numerology whereby numerical values assigned to Arabic letters are added up to provide total values for words in the Quran, similar to Hebrew gematria. Used to infer meanings and reveal secret or hidden messages.
Ê¿Ilm al-ḤurÅ«f is composed of the two words Ê¿ilm (Arabic: عÙÙÙÙ ) meaning "knowledge", and ḥurÅ«f (Arabic: ØÙرÙÙÙ), the plural of the word ḥarf (Arabic: ØÙرÙÙ), meaning "letters".
Table of letter values
| Arabic alphabet | name | numerological value |
|---|---|---|
| ا | ʼalif | 1 |
| ب | bÄʼ | 2 |
| ج | jīm | 3 |
| د | dÄl | 4 |
| Ù | hÄʼ | 5 |
| Ù | wÄw | 6 |
| ز | zÄy | 7 |
| Ø | ḥÄʼ | 8 |
| Ø· | á¹Äʼ | 9 |
| Ù | yÄʼ | 10 |
| Ù | kÄf | 20 |
| Ù | lÄm | 30 |
| ٠| mīm | 40 |
| ٠| nūn | 50 |
| س | sīn | 60 |
| ع | ʿayn | 70 |
| Ù | fÄʼ | 80 |
| ص | á¹£Äd | 90 |
| Ù | qÌÄf | 100 |
| ر | rÄʼ | 200 |
| Ø´ | Å¡Ä«n | 300 |
| ت | tÄʼ | 400 |
| Ø« | thÄʼ | 500 |
| Ø® | khÄʼ | 600 |
| Ø° | á¸Äl | 700 |
| ض | á¸Äd | 800 |
| ظ | áºÄʼ | 900 |
| غ | ġayn | 1000 |
See also
- Eastern Arabic numerals â Numerals used in the eastern Arab world and Asia
- Gematria â Numerological practice of reading a word or phrase as a number
- Hurufism â Iranian Sufi mystic order in Islam
- Hurufiyya movement â Art movement drawing upon Islamic calligraphy
- Western Arabic numerals â Symbols 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9
Bibliography
- Bahr al-Karai'b, Tayyeb Zohair, Heravi Mohammad (Thiqatul islam), Islamic Turath, 2024, ISBN 9786226946179.
- Fahd, T. (1971). "ḤurÅ«f". In Lewis, B.; Ménage, V. L.; Pellat, Ch. & Schacht, J. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume III: HâIram. Leiden: E. J. Brill. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_2971. OCLC 495469525.
- Gilis, Charles André (1993). Les sept étendards du califat (in French). Paris: Ãditions Al-bouraq. ISBN 2713801419. OCLC 33895971.
- Guénon, René (1962). Les Symboles de la Science Sacrée (in French). Paris: Ãditions Gallimard. OCLC 1132121884 â via classiques.uqam.ca.
- Hamès, Constant (2007). Coran et talismans : textes et pratiques magiques en milieu musulman, Hommes et sociétés (in French). Karthala. ISBN 978-2845868731. OCLC 159955184.
- Ibn Arabi (1997). "La Science des lettres". Les Illuminations de La Mecque (in French). Translated by Gril, Denis. Paris: Ãditions Albin Michel.
- Lory, Pierre; Regourd, Annick, eds. (1993). Sciences occultes et Islam (in English and French). Institut français de Damas. ISBN 2901315046. OCLC 1006217995.
- Vâlsan, Michel (1984). L'Islam et la fonction de René Guénon (in French). Paris: Ãditions de l'Åuvre. ISBN 2904011056. OCLC 14564314.