1577 in art

• El Greco moves from Rome to Spain, where he will spend the rest of his life.
• The Accademia di San Luca is founded as an association of artists in Rome.

Some dates approximate

• Lavinia Fontana - Self-Portrait at the Clavichord Accompanied by a Handmaiden
• El Greco - The Repentant Magdalen
• Nicholas Hilliard - Portrait miniatures
  • The Duke of Alençon
  • Marguerite of Navarre
  • Self-portrait
• Cornelis Ketel - Martin Frobisher

• March 20 - Alessandro Tiarini, Italian Baroque painter of frescoes, façade decorations, and altarpieces (died 1668)
• June 28 – Peter Paul Rubens, Flemish painter (died 1640)
• July 21 - Adam Willaerts, Dutch painter (died 1664)
• October 17 - Cristofano Allori, Italian painter (died 1621)
• December 8 - Mario Minniti, Italian painter, also the model for Caravaggio's painting Boy with a Basket of Fruit (died 1640)
• date unknown
  • Eugenio Caxés, Spanish painter (died 1634)
  • Giacomo Cavedone, Italian painter of the Bolognese School (died 1660)
  • Giovanni Battista Crescenzi, Italian painter and architect (died 1635)
  • Aart Jansz Druyvesteyn, Dutch Golden Age painter (died 1627)
  • Cornelis van der Geest, Dutch merchant and art collector (died 1638)

• February 17 - Giuliano Bugiardini, Italian painter (born 1475)
• May - Richard Aertsz, Dutch historical painter (born 1482)
• June 12 - Orazio Samacchini, Italian Mannerist painter (born 1532)
• date unknown
  • Juan de Juni, French–Spanish sculptor (born 1507)
  • Léonard Limousin, French painter, member of Limoges enamel painter family (born 1505)
  • Guglielmo della Porta, Italian architect and sculptor (born c.1500)
  • Antonis Mor, Dutch portrait painter (born 1517)
  • Cristóbal Ramírez, painter and illuminator of manuscripts for King Philip II of Spain
  • Lorenzo Sabbatini, Italian painter (born 1530)
  • Michele Tosini, Italian Mannerist painter (born 1503)
• probable - Gert van Groningen, Danish sculptor (date of birth unknown)