1778 in Austria

• Monarch – Maria Theresa
• Monarch – Joseph II
• State Chancellor - Wenzel Anton

• - War of the Bavarian Succession

• January 26 - Johann Georg Stauffer, Austrian luthier (d. 1853)
• January 31 - Franz Anton von Kolowrat-Liebsteinsky, Austrian statesman (d. 1861)
• March 23 - Paul Traugott Meissner, Austrian chemist (d. 1864)
• March 24 - Anton Edler von Gapp, Austrian lawyer (d. 1862)
• April 10 - Johann Arzberger, Austrian technologist (d. 1835)
• May 8 - Johann Baptist Gänsbacher, Austrian composer (d. 1844)
• July 10 - Sigismund von Neukomm, Austrian composer and pianist (d. 1858)
• August 2 - Georg Anton Rollett, Austrian naturalist (d. 1842)
• November 14 - Johann Nepomuk Hummel, Austrian composer, virtuoso pianist (d. 1837)
• November 16 - Johann Joseph von Prechtl, Austrian technologist (d. 1854)

• July 3 – Anna Maria Mozart, Austrian mother to the Mozarts (b. 1720)

Media related to 1778 in Austria at Wikimedia Commons