1794 in Russia

• Monarch – Catherine II

• Kościuszko Uprising
  • April 4 - Battle of Racławice
  • April 17–19 - Warsaw Uprising (1794)
  • April 22 - Vilnius Uprising (1794)
  • June 6 - Battle of Szczekociny
  • June 8 - Battle of Chełm
  • July 13 - September 6 - Siege of Warsaw (1794)
  • September 19 - Battle of Brest (1794)
  • October 10 - Battle of Maciejowice
  • November 4 - Battle of Praga
• Kharitonov Palace commissioned
• Korenovsk founded
• Kushchyovskaya founded
• Odessa founded
• Ust-Labinsk founded
• Vilna Governorate-General created

• Abbasgulu Bakikhanov (1794-1847) - Azerbaijani writer, historian, poet, and linguist; Russian military officer
• Pyotr Chaadayev (1794-1856) - philosopher
• Nikolai Borisovich Galitzin (1794-1866) - nobleman who commissioned three string quartets from Beethoven
• Gavriil Antonovich Katakazi (1794-1867) - diplomat and government official
• Nikolay Muravyov-Karsky (1794-1866) - general
• Ivan Kupreyanov (1794-1857) - naval officer and head of the Russian-American Company 1835-1840
• Alexander Petrov (1794-1867) - chess player and writer
• August Georg Wilhelm Pezold (1794-1859) - Estonian painter and lithographer
• Ivan Mikhailovich Simonov (1794-1855) - astronomer and geodesist
• Sergei Grigoryevich Stroganov (1794-1882) - nobleman, statesman, art historian, archaeologist, philanthropist
• Nikolai Sukhozanet (1794-1871) - general and statesman
• Artemy Tereshchenko (1794-1873) - businessman
• Konstantin Thon (1794-1881) - architect
• Alexander Ulybyshev (1794-1858) - diplomat and musicologist, biographer of Mozart
• Ivan Vitali (1794-1855) - sculptor
• Matvei Wielhorski (1794-1866) - Polish-Russian cellist

• Gregory Skovoroda (1722-1794) - philosopher, poet, composer
• Ivan Yelagin (1725-1794) - historian, freemason, secretary to Catherine the Great
• Vasily Zuyev (1754-1794) - naturalist and traveler

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