1st National People's Congress
1954–1959 Chinese legislative session
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The 1st National People's Congress (NPC) was in session from 1954 to 1959. It held four sessions in this period. There were 1,226 deputies to the Congress. These were the first legislative elections to take place after the founding of the People's Republic of China.
1st National People's Congress 第一届全国人民代表大会 | |
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| 15 September 1954 – 17 April 1959 (4 years, 183 days) Overview | |
| Type | Supreme organ of state power |
| Election | Indirect elections |
| Leadership | |
| Chairman | Liu Shaoqi |
| Vice Chairmen | Soong Ching-ling, Lin Boqu, Li Jishen, Zhang Lan, Luo Ronghuan, Shen Junru, Guo Moruo, Huang Yanpei, Peng Zhen, Li Weihan, Chen Shutong, Tenzin Gyatso, Saifuddin Azizi, and Cheng Qian |
| Secretary-General | Peng Zhen |
| Standing Committee | 80 (1st) |
| Members | |
| Total | 1,226 members |
| 1st National People's Congress | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 第一屆全國人民代表大會 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 第一届全国人民代表大会 | ||||||
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| Abbreviation | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 第一屆全國人大 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 第一届全国人大 | ||||||
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Background
In accordance with the rules set by the 1st National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the first set of deputies to the NPC were elected in the spring and summer of 1954, the first elections under the 1953 Electoral Law which set rules for elections in the PRC, by the following:
- Provincial legislatures
- Legislative councils of the directly administered cities
- Regional legislature of Inner Mongolia
Seat distribution
The first session
The first plenary session was held in September 1954.[1] The Congress passed the 1954 Constitution of the People's Republic of China. It elected the state leaders:
- Chairman of the People's Republic of China: Mao Zedong
- Vice Chairman of the People's Republic of China: Zhu De
- Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress: Liu Shaoqi
- Premier of the State Council: Zhou Enlai
- President of the Supreme People's Court: Dong Biwu
- Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate: Zhang Dingcheng
| Chairmanship Election | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Candidates | For | Against | Abstain |
Mao Zedong  | 1210 | 0 | 0 |
| Vice Chairmanship Election | |||
| Candidates | For | Against | Abstain |
| Zhu De | 1210 | 0 | 0 |