8P/Tuttle
Periodic comet
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
8P/Tuttle (also known as Tuttle's Comet or Comet Tuttle) is a periodic comet with a 13.6-year orbit. It fits the classical definition of a Jupiter-family comet with an orbital period of less than 20 years, but does not fit the modern definition of (2 < TJupiter< 3).[2] Its last perihelion passage was 27 August 2021 when it had a solar elongation of 26 degrees at approximately apparent magnitude 9.[7] Two weeks later, on September 12, 2021, it was about 1.8 AU (270 million km) from Earth which is about as far from Earth as the comet can get when the comet is near perihelion.
P/1871 T1
- 1790 II, 1858 I, 1871 III
- 1885 IV, 1899 III
- 1912 IV, 1926 IV
- 1939 X, 1967 V
- 1980 XIII, 1994 XV
Tuttle's Comet and the Triangulum Galaxy photographed from Mount Laguna, California on December 30, 2007 | |
| Discovery | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | Horace Parnell Tuttle |
| Discovery date | January 5, 1858 |
| Designations | |
| P/1790 A2, P/1858 A1 P/1871 T1 | |
| |
| Orbital characteristics[1][2] | |
| Epoch | January 21, 2022 (JD 2459600.5) |
| Observation arc | 232.14 years |
| Earliest precovery date | January 28, 1790[3] |
| Number of observations | 316 |
| Aphelion | 10.39 AU |
| Perihelion | 1.026 AU |
| Semi-major axis | 5.707 AU |
| Eccentricity | 0.82023 |
| Orbital period | 13.6 years |
| Inclination | 54.911° |
| 270.20° | |
| Argument of periapsis | 207.49° |
| Mean anomaly | 10.573° |
| Last perihelion | August 27, 2021[4] |
| Next perihelion | April 18, 2035[5] |
| TJupiter | 1.601 |
| Earth MOID | 0.095 AU |
| Jupiter MOID | 0.738 AU |
| Physical characteristics[2][6] | |
| Dimensions | 4.5 km (2.8 mi) |
| 11.4 hours | |
| (V–R) = 0.53±0.04 | |
| Comet total magnitude (M1) | 14.6 |
Comet 8P/Tuttle is responsible for the Ursid meteor shower in late December.[8]
2008 perihelion
Sun · Venus · Earth · Mars · Jupiter · Saturn · 8P/Tuttle
Under dark skies, the comet was a naked-eye object. On December 30, 2007, it was in close conjunction with the Triangulum Galaxy. On January 1, 2008, it passed Earth at a distance of 0.25282 AU (37.821 million km).[2] It was visible telescopically to Southern Hemisphere observers in the constellation Eridanus throughout February 2008.
Predictions that the 2007 Ursid meteor shower could have possibly been stronger than usual due to the return of the comet,[9] did not appear to materialize, as counts were in the range of normal distribution.
Physical characteristics
Radar observations of Comet Tuttle in January 2008 by the Arecibo Observatory show it to be a contact binary.[10][11] The comet nucleus is estimated at 4.5 km (2.8 mi) in diameter, using the equivalent diameter of a sphere having a volume equal to the sum of a 3 km × 4 km (1.9 mi × 2.5 mi) sphere.[2]
Exploration
In 2019, 8P/Tuttle was listed as one of 10 backup targets of the European Space Agency's Comet Interceptor mission.[12] Scheduled for launch on 2029, the spacecraft may conduct a flyby of 8P on March 26, 2035 if selected.[12]
Gallery
8P/Tuttle on December 3, 2007 from Mount Laguna, California
8P/Tuttle about 1.2 degrees from M33 on December 30, 2007.
Radar image of the nucleus of 8P/Tuttle as seen from Arecibo in 2008
