1427
Calendar year
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Year 1427 (MCDXXVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.
Events
JanuaryâJune
- January 16 â The papacy of Pope Gabriel V of Alexandria, leader of the Coptic Orthodox Church in Egypt, ends with his death after a reign of more than 17 years.
- January â Radu II of Wallachia resumes the throne of Wallachia for the fourth time, but a seven-year struggle for it ends in March when he is defeated in battle, and probably killed, by Dan II, who resumes the throne for a fifth term.
- February 23 â In Spain, the first tremors are felt in the Principality of Catalonia of what will become a devastating 6.7 magnitude earthquake that will happen less than a year later, on February 2, 1428.[1]
- March 29 â In Vietnam, the Ming dynasty China army invades a second time, bringing 120,000 reinforcement troops led by General Mu Sheng to crush the Lam SÆ¡n uprising.[2]
AprilâJune
- April 22 â In France, Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset, is granted the control of the county of Mortain in Normandy by the Duke of Bedford, Regent for King Henry VI in France, as a reward for his military service during the war against the French.[3]
- May 11 (16 Pashons, 1143 AM) â At Alexandria, Farag El-Maksi is elected as the new Patriarch of the Coptic Orthodox Christians and takes the regnal name of Pope John XI.[4]
- June 7 â Pope Martin V orders the Roman Catholic bishops of Portro and Alba to work on driving the Fraticelli faction of the Franciscan Order from Italy.[5]
- June 16 â John, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach ("the Alchemist", of the Hohenzollern family), signs a peace agreement with the dukes of the various Pomeranian duchies at the Brandenburg city of Templin, ending the latest Pomeranian-Brandenburg conflict.
- June 27 â John III, Duke of Mecklenburg-Stargard, is released from imprisonment after swearing an oath of allegiance to John, Margrave of Brandenburg.
JulyâSeptember
- July 15 â The Siege of Montargis is started in France by 1,000 Englishmen led by the Earl of Warwick and lasts for seven weeks.[6]
- July 19 â Stefan LazareviÄ, ruler of the Serbian Despotate, dies at Belgrade and is succeeded by his nephew, ÄuraÄ BrankoviÄ.[7]
- August 4 â Hussite Wars: Battle of Tachov â The Hussites decisively beat the crusader armies, ending the Fourth Anti-Hussite Crusade.
- August 17 â The first band of Gypsies visits Paris, according to an account of the citizens of Paris.
OctoberâDecember
- September 5 â A French Army relief force of 1,600 soldiers, led by Jean de Dunois, ends the siege of Montargis by luring the English Army into a trap. The Montargis defenders open the city gates and the English are attacked from two sides, losing more than 1,000 men and all of their artillery.[6]
- September 29 â Lam SÆ¡n uprising: China's General Liu Sheng arrives at China's border with Vietnam where a meeting is held with rebel leader Lê Lợi, who proposes settling the war by recognizing Tran Cao's rule as King of Äại Viá»t. The proposal is a pretext for Liu Sheng's army being lured into an ambush that soon follows, with 70,000 Chinese troops killed.[8]
- October 13 â
- Lincoln College, a constituent college of the University of Oxford in England, is founded by the Bishop of Lincoln.
- The English Parliament assembles at Westminster after being summoned on July 15 by England's Regency Council. John Tyrrell is elected as Speaker of the House of Commons.
- November 12 â To avoid further destruction of the Chinese army, General Wang Tong begins withdrawing troops from northern Vietnam's Jiaozhi region, having accepted a proposal by Vietnam without the approval of China's Xuande Emperor. The Emperor is informed of the proposal and agrees on November 20 to accept terms of peace.[9]
- December 29 â Victorious in the Lam SÆ¡n uprising, Äại Viá»t (Vietnam) succeeds in forcing the withdrawal of Chinese troops from its territory as China's General Wang Tong and Vietnam's General Nguyá» n Trãi agree to terms of disarmament and repatriation of 86,640 Ming Chinese prisoners in return for Chinese withdrawal.[10]
Date unknown
- Minrekyansa becomes King of Ava (ancient Myanmar).
- The Conflict of Druimnacour occurs in Sutherland, Scotland.[11]
- The first witch hunts begin, in Switzerland.
- The Celestine Order is established in France.
- The Celebration of Sant Jordi (Saint George) begins in Catalonia (he will later become its patron saint).
- Bremen is expelled from the Hanseatic League.
- Diogo de Silves, Portuguese navigator, discovers seven islands of the Azores archipelago.
- Battle of the Echinades: A Byzantine fleet defeats the fleet of Carlo I Tocco.
- Itzcoatl becomes the 4th Tlatoani of Tenochtitlan, after his nephew Chimalpopoca is killed by the Maxtla, at Azcapotzalco.
- Bhaktapur Royal Palace in Nepal is built by King Yaksa Malla.
Births
- February 27 â Ruprecht, Archbishop of Cologne (d. 1480)
- May 8 â John Tiptoft, 1st Earl of Worcester, Lord High Treasurer (d. 1470)
- May 29 â Françoise d'Amboise, duchess consort of Brittany, co-founder of the first monastery of the Carmelites in France (d. 1485)
- June 22 â Lucrezia Tornabuoni, Italian writer, adviser and spouse of Piero di Cosimo de' Medici (d. 1482)
- September 9 â Thomas de Ros, 9th Baron de Ros, English politician (d. 1464)
- October 26 â Archduke Sigismund of Austria (d. 1496)
- November 24 â John Stafford, 1st Earl of Wiltshire (d. 1473)
- November 29 â Zhengtong Emperor of China (d. 1464)
- November 30 â Casimir IV Jagiellon, King of Poland (d. 1492)
- date unknown â Shen Zhou, Chinese painter (d. 1509)
Deaths
- April 17 â John IV, Duke of Brabant (b. 1403)[12]
- May 7 â Thomas la Warr, 5th Baron De La Warr, English churchman
- May 28 â Henry IV, Count of Holstein-Rendsburg (b. 1397)
- July 19 â Stefan LazareviÄ, Despot of Serbia (b. 1377)[13]
- date unknown
- Chimalpopoca, Aztec Tlatoani (ruler) of Tenochtitlán (b. 1397)[14]
- Qu You, Chinese novelist (b. 1341)
- probable
- Jehuda Cresques, Catalan cartographer (b. 1350)
- Gentile da Fabriano, Italian painter
- Radu II Prasnaglava, ruler of Wallachia, probably killed in or after a lost battle