Galidesivir

Galidesivir (BCX4430, immucillin-A) is an antiviral drug, an adenosine analog^[1] (a type of nucleoside analog).^[2] It was developed by BioCryst Pharmaceuticals with funding from NIAID, originally intended as a treatment for hepatitis C, but subsequently developed as a potential treatment for deadly filovirus infections such as Ebola virus disease and Marburg virus disease, as well as Zika virus.^[3] Currently, galidesivir is under phase 1 human trial in Brazil for coronavirus.^[4]

Legal status

• US: Investigational New Drug

CAS Number

• 249503-25-1 ^Y
• HCl: 222631-44-9 ^Y

PubChem CID

• 69211190

ChemSpider

• 8620968

Quick facts Legal status, Identifiers ...

Galidesivir

Legal status
Legal status	US: Investigational New Drug
Identifiers
IUPAC name (2S,3S,4R,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidine-3,4-diol
CAS Number	249503-25-1 Y HCl: 222631-44-9 Y
PubChem CID	69211190
ChemSpider	8620968
UNII	OLF97F86A7 HCl: 1EL1K52SH1 Y
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C11H15N5O3
Molar mass	265.273 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES O[C@H]3[C@H](c2c1ncnc(N)c1[nH]c2)N[C@H](CO)[C@H]3O
InChI InChI=1S/C11H15N5O3/c12-11-8-6(14-3-15-11)4(1-13-8)7-10(19)9(18)5(2-17)16-7/h1,3,5,7,9-10,13,16-19H,2H2,(H2,12,14,15)/t5-,7+,9-,10+/m1/s1 Key:AMFDITJFBUXZQN-KUBHLMPHSA-N

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It also shows broad-spectrum antiviral effectiveness against a range of other RNA virus families, including bunyaviruses, arenaviruses, paramyxoviruses, coronaviruses, flaviviruses, and phleboviruses.^[5] Galidesivir has been demonstrated to protect against both Ebola and Marburg viruses in both rodents and monkeys, even when administered up to 48 hours after infection,^[1] and development for use in humans was then being fast-tracked due to concerns about the lack of treatment options for the 2013-2016 Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa.^[6]

Galidesivir later showed efficacy against Zika virus in a mouse model.^[7]

Galidesivir abrogates viremia in Zika virus–infected rhesus Macaques.^[8]

Galidesivir is one of several antiviral drugs being tested for coronavirus disease 2019.^[9]

On April 9, 2020, BioCryst opened enrollment into a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to assess the safety, clinical impact and antiviral effects of galidesivir in patients with COVID-19.^[4]