Bilabial ejective stop
Consonantal sound represented by ⟨pʼ⟩ in IPA
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A bilabial ejective is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨pʼ⟩.
| Bilabial ejective stop | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| pʼ | |||
| IPA number | 101 + 401 | ||
| Audio sample | |||
| Encoding | |||
| Entity (decimal) | pʼ | ||
| Unicode (hex) | U+0070 U+02BC | ||
| X-SAMPA | p_> | ||
| Braille |    | ||
| |||
Features
Features of a bilabial ejective stop:
- Its manner of articulation is occlusive, which means it is produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract. Since the consonant is also oral, with no nasal outlet, the airflow is blocked entirely, and the consonant is a plosive.
- Its place of articulation is bilabial, which means it is articulated with both lips.
- It is an oral consonant, which means that air is not allowed to escape through the nose.
- Because the sound is not produced with airflow over the tongue, the median–lateral dichotomy does not apply.
- The airstream mechanism is ejective (glottalic egressive), which means the air is forced out by pumping the glottis upward.
Occurrence
In addition to the languages listed below, this sound is also a common phonological feature of the Ethiopian linguistic area, especially Ethiopian Semitic languages.
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adyghe | пӏакӏэ / ṗaķe / ࢠاڃە | ⓘ | 'thin' | ||
| Amharic | ጴጥሮስ / p̣iéṭros | [pʼetʼros] | 'Peter' | ||
| Armenian | Yerevan dialect[1] | պոչ / pochʿ | [pʼotʃʰ] | 'tail' | Corresponds to tenuis [p⁼] in other Eastern dialects |
| Chechen | пӏелг / phelg / ڢەلگ | [pʼelɡ] | 'finger' | ||
| Damin | p'ngu | [pʼŋu] | 'after' | Varies with a "bilabial spurt" [ʘ↑] | |
| Ganza[2]: 95 | [pʼá̰bḭ́] | 'gathering' | |||
| Georgian | პეპელა / pepela | [pʼɛpʼɛlɑ] | 'butterfly' | ||
| Hadza | hûbbu | [ɦuːpʼu] | 'to lift something heavy' | (mimetic) | |
| Haida | ttappad | [tʼapʼat] | 'to break' | (mimetic) | |
| Halkomelem | p̓əq̓ | [pʼəqʼ] | 'white' | ||
| Kabardian | цӏапӏэ / çaṗe / ڗاࢠه | ⓘ | 'mean' | ||
| Kunigami | p'aapaa | [pʼaːpaː] | 'grandmother' | ||
| Lushootseed | Northern Lushootseed | p̓uay̓ | [pʼuˈɑjʼ] | 'flounder' | |
| Nez Perce | p’íłin | [ˈpʼiɬin] | 'hole' | ||
| Ossetian | Iron | пъовыр / phovyr | [ˈpʼovɪ̈r] | 'cook' | |
| Quechua | p’acha | [pʼat͡ʃa] | 'clothes' | ||
| Ubykh | wıp'ts'e | [wɨpʼtsʼɜ] | 'your name' | See Ubykh phonology | |
| Yurok[3] | kaap' | [kaːpʼ] | 'leaves' | ||