Hibito–Cholon languages
Proposed language family of Peru
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The moribund or extinct Hibito–Cholón or Cholónan languages form a proposed and widely accepted[1] language family that links two languages of Peru, Hibito and Cholón. This family was believed have gone extinct in the 1990s, but in 2021 a semispeaker was identified; she is Martha Pérez Valderrama, and she is currently the only known speaker of this language family (specifically from the Cholón).[2][3] They may also be related to the extinct Culle and Chirino languages, and perhaps to the language of the Chachapoya, but the data for all of these languages is poor.[4] This hypothetical group of languages has been termed the Cholonoid languages.[5]
distributionPeru
| Hibito–Cholón | |
|---|---|
| Cholónan | |
| (tentative) | |
| Geographic distribution | Peru |
Native speakers | >2 rememberers (2021) |
| Linguistic classification | Proposed language family |
| Subdivisions | |
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | hibi1242 |
Language contact
Lexicon
Several basic Hibito and Cholon words appear to be related, though the data on both languages is poor. The following examples are given in the ad hoc orthography of the three sources we have on these languages:
gloss tree water daughter son Cholón mech / meš cot / quõt / köta ñu / -ñu pul / -pul Hibito mixs / mitš cachi / otšj ñoo pool
English gloss
(translated)Hibito Cholon comparisons Martínez Compañón Tessmann animal animal (Sp.) tree mixs mees-ñgup drink vvic nig sky puxam senta heart thuo-suic aluñač God dioschu (Sp.) pain calac ysiam water cachi otšj kot Tessmann: oč, köta stars cuichas ke-nak woman etlec udū, alū yla Tessmann: udú, hilá fire ucche olho, utšj vet Tessmann: olmó, utmo daughter ñoo añu son pool apul flower chucchum ñuñap river cecllutcachi kot-ysokot brother moscaá azot Katakao: aszat 'man' fruit llagna keniya joy musug vem augilubaktam grass quiac pullo man nuum nūm, nun num Tessmann: núm, lúno moon cuiñá winžö peel Tessmann: winžö, pel eat lop̄quem amok sea lapomcachi sokotlol mother queec appan death huanc mikol die calguesquim ñgoli-čo bird cumcoc̓hi zuksill waves omium ypixsimam father cotc appa cry atzacquem yo-yam rain laamchus llisiak fish cazop asua branch mixnul pučup laugh coɥam časam sister moscaá akiñiu sun ñim nim, nijm musak Tessmann: nim, mušápo earth caloch lluspey trunk sangoch sangoč wind coctom mam meat amaà čep
Rivet (1949)
| French gloss | English translation | Hibito | Cholon |
|---|---|---|---|
| J'achète | I buy | a-msan | |
| J'ai achète | I bought | a-mzi | |
| Aiguille | Needle | kaxá | |
| Aimer | to love | a-gol'an |
