Concepcion, Iloilo

Concepcion was originally known as Bacjawan, which means "the place of the bacjaw trees," which used to grow in large numbers along the coast's swampy areas. It was formally founded as a pueblo (town) in 1855. The town was later renamed to Concepcion, in honor of the first born daughter of Felizardo Azucena, the town's first captain basal, or gobernadorcillo.^[6]

In 1857, the Comandancia de Concepción (Military District of Concepcion) was created. It was a sub-province in Northern Iloilo composed of the capital town of Concepcion, Ajuy, Balasan (modern-day Batad, Estancia, and Balasan), Lemery, San Dionisio, and Sara. It was abolished on April 11, 1901, when the Americans took control of the Philippines and established the civil government of Iloilo. In present days, the former Comandancia de Concepción covers the 5th legislative district of Iloilo except for the towns of Barotac Viejo and San Rafael.^{[7][8][9][10]}

Concepcion is situated in the northeastern part of Panay Island (known as the mainland), along with approximately 16 smaller surrounding islands. It is bordered to the north by San Dionisio, to the south by Ajuy, to the west by Sara, and to the east by the Visayan Sea. The municipality covers a total land area of 9,702.04 hectares.^[11]

Concepcion is 97 kilometres (60 mi) from Iloilo City and 101 kilometres (63 mi) from Roxas City.

The largest of the 16 Concepcion Islands is Pan de Azucar at 1,840 hectares (4,500 acres), which has the 573 metres (1,880 ft) high Mount Manaphag rising from its center.^[12]

In the 2024 census, the population of Concepcion was 45,737 people,^[19] with a density of 530 inhabitants per square kilometre or 1,400 inhabitants per square mile.

Poverty incidence of Concepcion

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority^{[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]}

The primary industry of the people of Concepcion is in fishing.^[11] The Visayan Sea, where Concepcion is situated, is one of the most prolific in fish production and provides a significant proportion of fish in the region. In 2007, the number of registered fishermen stood at 7,957.^[29] Fishing is followed second by farming, with much of it being subsistence farming. The principle cash crops are rice, corn and vegetables,^[11] along with bamboo and coconuts. Poultry and livestock are raised for local consumption.^[11]

Poverty incidence was extremely high in the early 21st century, with 87% of the population being below the government poverty line in 2000,^[11] with a reduction to 47% in 2004.^[30] A contributing factor was the rapidity of population growth in the municipality, with a growth rate of 2.76% in 2002, or four babies being born every day in the municipality.

There is one institution of higher learning in the municipality, Northern Iloilo State University (NISU: Concepcion), which offers bachelor's degrees in fisheries and agriculture, as well as a master's in public administration.^[11]

The Concepcion Schools District Office governs all educational institutions within the municipality. It oversees the management and operations of all private and public, from primary to secondary schools.^[31]

Concepcion is known to host beautiful islands with white sand beaches and sandbars. Among them are Bulobadiangan Island, Agho Island, and Pan de Azucar.^{[32] [better source needed]}

The annual Tampisaw Festival, held the fourth week of April^[33] on four of the islands, attracts tourism.^[30]

• Paulino Alcantara (1896-1964), Filipino footballer for FC Barcelona

• Concepcion (military district)